Lo mmiselo usebenza ekufakweni kweevalvu zesango, iivalve zokumisa, iivalve zebhola, iivalve zebhabhathane kunye neevalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwizityalo zepetrochemical. Ufakelo lweevalvu zokutshekisha, iivalvu zokhuseleko, iivalve ezilawulayo kunye neetrap zomphunga ziya kubhekisa kwimigaqo efanelekileyo. Lo mmiselo awusebenzi ekufakweni kweevalvu kunikezelo lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi.

1 Imigaqo yoyilo lwevalvu

1.1 Iivalvu kufuneka zifakwe ngokohlobo kunye nobungakanani obuboniswe kumbhobho kunye nediagram yesixhobo sokuhamba (i-PID). Xa i-PID ineemfuno ezithile zendawo yokufakela iivalve ezithile, kufuneka zifakwe ngokweemfuno zenkqubo.

1.2 Iivalvu kufuneka zicwangciswe kwiindawo ekulula ukufikelela kuzo, ukuzisebenzisa nokuzilungisa. Iivalvu kwimiqolo yemibhobho kufuneka zicwangciswe ngendlela ephakathi, kwaye iiplatifomu zokusebenza okanye iileli kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.

2 Iimfuno zendawo yofakelo lwevalvu

2.1 Xa iipaseji zombhobho zingena kwaye ziphuma kwisixhobo zixhunywe kwimibhobho ephambili kwiipaseji zemibhobho yesityalo sonke,iivalve zokuvalakufuneka ifakwe. Indawo yokufakela iivalve kufuneka ibe phakathi kwelinye icala lendawo yesixhobo, kwaye iiplatifomu zokusebenza eziyimfuneko okanye iiplatifomu zokulungisa kufuneka zimiselwe.

2.2 Iivalvu ekufuneka ziqhutywe qho, zilondolozwe zize zitshintshwe mazibekwe kwiindawo ekulula ukufikelela kuzo emhlabeni, eqongeni okanye elelini.Iivalvu ze-pneumatic kunye nombanekufuneka kwakhona zibekwe kwiindawo ezifikeleleka lula.

2.3 Iivalvu ekungeyomfuneko ukuba ziqhutywe qho (ezisetyenziswa kuphela xa uqalwa naxa umiswa) kufuneka nazo zibekwe kwiindawo apho iileli zethutyana zinokusetwa ukuba azikwazi kuqhutywa phantsi.

2.4 Umphakamo wombindi we-valve handwheel ukusuka kumphezulu wokusebenza uphakathi kwe-750 kunye ne-1500mm, kwaye owona mphakamo ufanelekileyo

1200mm. Ukuphakama kofakelo lweevalvu ezingafuneki ukuba ziqhutywe rhoqo zingafikelela kwi-1500-1800mm. Xa ukuphakama kokufakela akukwazi ukuthotywa kunye nokusebenza rhoqo kuyadingeka, iqonga lokusebenza okanye isinyathelo kufuneka sibekwe ngexesha loyilo. Iivalvu kwimibhobho kunye nezixhobo zemithombo yeendaba eziyingozi aziyi kumiselwa phakathi komphakamo wentloko yomntu.

2.5 Xa ubude beziko le-valve handwheel ukusuka kwindawo yokusebenza budlula i-1800mm, umsebenzi we-sprocket kufuneka usekwe. Umgama wekhonkco le-sprocket ukusuka emhlabeni kufuneka ube malunga ne-800mm. I-sprocket hook kufuneka imiselwe ukuxhoma isiphelo esisezantsi sekhonkco eludongeni olukufutshane okanye intsika ukuphepha ukuchaphazela indlela.

2.6 Kwiivalvu ezibekwe kumsele, xa isigqubuthelo somsele sinokuvulwa ukuze sisebenze, ivili lesandla sevalve akufanele libe ngaphantsi kwe-300mm ngaphantsi kwesivalo somsele. Xa ingaphantsi kwe-300mm, intonga yolwandiso lwevalvu kufuneka isetelwe ukwenza ivili layo lesandla libe ngaphakathi kwe-100mm ngaphantsi kwesivalo somsele.

2.7 Iivalve ezibekwe emseleni, xa kufuneka ziqhutywe phantsi, okanye iivalve ezifakwe phantsi komgangatho ophezulu (iqonga),intonga yokwandisa ivalve inokusetwaukuyandisa kwisigqubuthelo somsele, umgangatho, iqonga lokusebenza. I-handwheel yentonga yokwandisa kufuneka ibe yi-1200mm kude nomphezulu wokusebenza. Iivalvu ezinomlinganiselo ongaphantsi okanye olingana ne-DN40 kunye nodibaniso lwemisonto akufanele luqhutywe ngokusebenzisa i-sprockets okanye iintonga zokwandisa ukuphepha umonakalo kwivalve. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwee-sprockets okanye iintonga zokwandisa ukusebenzisa iivalve kufuneka kuncitshiswe.

2.8 Umgama phakathi kwevili lesandla levalve elungiselelwe ukujikeleza iqonga kunye nomphetho weqonga akufanele ube mkhulu kune-450mm. Xa i-valve stem kunye ne-handwheel yandisa kwindawo ephezulu yeqonga kwaye ukuphakama kungaphantsi kwe-2000mm, akufanele kuchaphazele ukusebenza kunye nokuhamba komsebenzisi ukuphepha ukulimala komntu.

3 Iimfuno zokufakelwa kweevalvu ezinkulu

3.1 Ukusebenza kweevalvu ezinkulu kufuneka kusebenzise isixhobo sokuhambisa igiya, kwaye indawo efunekayo kumatshini wokuhambisa kufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kusetwa. Ngokubanzi, iivalvu ezinobukhulu obukhulu kunala mabanga alandelayo kufuneka zithathele ingqalelo ukusebenzisa isivalo esinesixhobo sokuhambisa igiya.

3.2 Iivalve ezinkulu kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezibiyeli kwelinye okanye kumacala omabini evalve. I-bracket ayifanele ifakwe kwipayipi emfutshane ekufuneka ikhutshwe ngexesha lokugcinwa, kwaye ukuxhaswa kombhobho akufanele kuchaphazeleke xa i-valve isusiwe. Umgama phakathi kwesibiyeli kunye neflange yevalvu kufuneka ngokubanzi ube mkhulu kune-300mm.

3.3 Indawo yofakelo lweevalvu ezinkulu kufuneka ibe nesiza sokusebenzisa i-crane, okanye ucinge ngokuseta ikholamu yokuxhoma okanye umqadi wokuxhoma.

4 Iimfuno zokuseta iivalvu kwimibhobho ethe tye

4.1 Ngaphandle kokuba kufunwa ngenye indlela yinkqubo, ivili lesandla sesivalo esifakwe kumbhobho othe tyaba aliyi kujongisa ezantsi, ngakumbi ivili lesandla sesivalo esikumbhobho wesixhobo sosasazo esiyingozi sithintelwe ngokungqongqo ukuba sijonge ezantsi. Ukuma kwesondo lesandla sesivalo kumiselwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ngokuthe nkqo ukuya phezulu; ngokuthe tye; ngokuthe nkqo phezulu kunye ne-45 ° ekhohlo okanye ekunene thambeka; ngokuthe nkqo phantsi kunye ne-45 ° ekhohlo okanye ekunene thambeka; hayi ngokuthe nkqo ezantsi.

4.2 Kwi-horizontally efakwe i-valve ye-stem yokunyuka, xa i-valve ivuliwe, i-valve stem ayiyi kuchaphazela i-passage, ngakumbi xa i-valve stem ifumaneka entloko okanye edolweni lomqhubi.

5 Ezinye iimfuno zokuseta ivalvu

5.1 Imigca esembindini yeevalvu kwimibhobho enxuseneyo mayilungelelaniswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Xa iivalve zicwangciswe ngokusondeleyo, umgama womnatha phakathi kwee-handwheels akufanele ube ngaphantsi kwe-100mm; iivalvu nazo zinokugxadazwa ukunciphisa umgama phakathi kwemibhobho.

5.2 Iivalvu ezifunekayo ukuba ziqhagamshelwe kumlomo wesixhobo sombhobho kwinkqubo kufuneka ziqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kumlomo wesixhobo sombhobho xa i-diameter yegama, uxinzelelo lwegama, uhlobo lomphezulu wokutywina, njl. njl. ziyafana okanye zihambelana nombhobho womlomo wesixhobo . Xa i-valve ine-flange ye-concave, ingcali yezixhobo kufuneka ibuzwe ukuba iqwalasele i-convex flange emlonyeni wombhobho ohambelanayo.

5.3 Ngaphandle kokuba kukho iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zenkqubo, iivalvu ezikwimibhobho engezantsi yesixhobo esifana neenqaba, ii-reactors, kunye nezikhongozeli ezithe nkqo aziyi kucwangciswa kwi skirt.

5.4 Xa umbhobho wesebe uphuma kumbhobho oyintloko, ivalve yayo yokuvala kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo ethe tyaba yombhobho wesebe kufutshane neengcambu zombhobho omkhulu ukuze ulwelo lukhutshwe kumacala omabini evalve. .

5.5 Ivalve yokuvala umbhobho wesebe kwigalari yombhobho ayisoloko isetyenziswa (isetyenziswa kuphela xa kupakishwa ulondolozo). Ukuba akukho ileli isigxina, indawo yokusetyenziswa kweleli yethutyana kufuneka iqwalaselwe.

5.6 Xa kuvulwa ivalve yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, amandla okuqalisa makhulu. Isibiyeli kufuneka simiselwe ukuxhasa ivalve kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lokuqalisa. Ukuphakama kofakelo kufuneka kube yi-500-1200mm.

5.7 Iivalvu zamanzi omlilo, iivalvu zomphunga womlilo, njl. njl

5.8 Iqela le-valve yombhobho wokusabalalisa umphunga wokucima umlilo wesithando somlilo kufuneka kube lula ukusebenza, kwaye umbhobho wokusabalalisa akufanele ube ngaphantsi kwe-7.5m kude nomzimba wesithando somlilo.

5.9 Xa ufaka iivalve ezinemisonto kumbhobho, ijoyinti ethambileyo kufuneka ifakwe kufutshane nevalve ukwenzela ukuqhawuka lula.

5.10 Iivalve zewafer okanye iivalve zebhabhathane aziyi kuqhagamshelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiiflange zezinye iivalve kunye nezifakelo zemibhobho. Umbhobho omfutshane kunye neeflange kwiziphelo zombini kufuneka zongezwe phakathi.

5.11 I-valve akufanele ifakwe kwimithwalo yangaphandle ukuphepha uxinzelelo olugqithiseleyo kunye nomonakalo kwi-valve