Ngokubanzi, iivalvu zemizi-mveliso azivavanywa ngamandla xa zisetyenziswa, kodwa umzimba wevalvu kunye nesigqubuthelo sevalvu emva kokulungiswa okanye umzimba wevalvu kunye nesigqubuthelo sevalvu esinomonakalo wokugqwala kufuneka zivavanywe ngamandla. Kwiivalvu zokhuseleko, uxinzelelo olubekwe kunye noxinzelelo lwesihlalo sokubuyisela kunye nezinye iimvavanyo kufuneka zihambelane nemigaqo yemiyalelo yazo kunye nemigaqo efanelekileyo. Ivalvu kufuneka ivavanywe ngamandla kunye novavanyo lokutywina emva kokufakwa. Ama-20% eevalvu ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi ahlolwa ngokungacwangciswanga, kwaye ukuba azifanelekanga, kufuneka zihlolwe nge-100%; iivalvu ezinoxinzelelo oluphakathi kunye noluphezulu kufuneka zihlolwe nge-100%. Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kuvavanyo loxinzelelo lweevalvu ngamanzi, ioyile, umoya, umphunga, initrogen, njl. Iindlela zovavanyo loxinzelelo lweevalvu ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso kuquka iivalvu zomoya zezi zilandelayo:

1. Indlela yokuvavanya uxinzelelo lweevalvu zebhola

Uvavanyo lwamandla eevalvu zebhola ezisebenzisa umoya kufuneka lwenziwe ibhola ivuliwe isiqingatha.

① Uvavanyo lokutywina ivalvu yebhola edadayo: beka ivalvu kwimeko evulekileyo kancinci, faka isixhobo sokuvavanya kwelinye icala, uze uvale elinye icala; jika ibhola izihlandlo ezininzi, vula isiphelo esivaliweyo xa ivalvu ikwimeko evaliweyo, uze ujonge ukusebenza kokutywina kwepakeji kunye negasket ngaxeshanye. Akufanele kubekho ukuvuza. Emva koko faka isixhobo sokuvavanya kwelinye icala uze uphinde uvavanyo olungasentla.

②Uvavanyo lokutywina ivalvu yebhola esisigxina: Ngaphambi kovavanyo, jikelezisa ibhola izihlandlo ezininzi ngaphandle komthwalo, ivalvu yebhola esisigxina ikwimeko evaliweyo, kwaye i-medium yovavanyo ingeniswa ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwixabiso elichaziweyo; sebenzisa i-pressure gauge ukujonga ukusebenza kokutywina kwesiphelo sokungena, kwaye sebenzisa i-pressure gauge echanekileyo ukusuka kwinqanaba eli-0.5 ukuya kweli-1 kunye noluhlu lwe-1.5 yengcinezelo yovavanyo. Ngaphakathi kwexesha elichaziweyo, ukuba akukho kwehla kwengcinezelo, iyafaneleka; uze ufake i-test medium ukusuka kwelinye icala kwaye uphinde uvavanyo olungasentla. Emva koko, ivalvu ikwimeko evulekileyo kancinci, zombini iziphelo zivaliwe, umngxuma wangaphakathi uzaliswe yi-medium, kwaye ukupakisha kunye ne-gasket zijongwa phantsi kwengcinezelo yovavanyo. Akufuneki kubekho ukuvuza.

③Iivalufa zebhola ezineendlela ezintathu kufuneka zivavanyelwe ukutywinwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

2. Indlela yokuvavanya uxinzelelo lwevalvu yokujonga

Imeko yovavanyo lwevalvu yokujonga: I-axis yediski yevalvu yokujonga yokuphakamisa ikwindawo ethe nkqo nethe tyaba; i-axis yetshaneli kunye ne-axis yediski yevalvu yokujonga i-swing ikwindawo ephantse ilingane nomgca othe tyaba.

Ngexesha lovavanyo lwamandla, i-test medium ifakwa ukusuka kwisiphelo sokungena ukuya kwixabiso elichaziweyo, kwaye elinye icala livaliwe. Kuyafaneleka ukubona ukuba akukho kuvuza emzimbeni wevalvu nakwisigqubuthelo sevalvu.

Uvavanyo lokutywina luzisa isixhobo sokuvavanya ukusuka kwisiphelo sokuphuma, kwaye lujonga umphezulu wokutywina kwisiphelo sokungena. Ukupakisha kunye ne-gasket ziyafaneleka ukuba akukho kuvuza.

3. Indlela yokuvavanya uxinzelelo lwevalvu yokunciphisa uxinzelelo

① Uvavanyo lwamandla evalvu yokunciphisa uxinzelelo luhlala luhlanganiswa emva kovavanyo olunye, kwaye lunokuvavanywa emva kokuhlanganiswa. Ubude bovavanyo lwamandla: 1 min kwi-DN<50mm; ngaphezulu kwe-2 min kwi-DN65~150mm; ngaphezulu kwe-3 min kwi-DN>150mm. Emva kokuba i-bellows kunye ne-assembly zidibene, uvavanyo lwamandla lwenziwa ngomoya ngokuphindwe kayi-1.5 uxinzelelo oluphezulu emva kwevalvu yokunciphisa uxinzelelo.

② Uvavanyo lokutywina lwenziwa ngokwendlela yokusebenza yokwenyani. Xa kuvavanywa ngomoya okanye ngamanzi, uvavanyo lwenziwa ngokuphindwe kayi-1.1 koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo; xa kuvavanywa ngomphunga, uvavanyo lwenziwa ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza oluvunyelweyo kubushushu bokusebenza. Umahluko phakathi koxinzelelo lokungena kunye noxinzelelo lokukhupha kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-0.2MPa. Indlela yovavanyo yile: emva kokuba uxinzelelo lokungena lusetiwe, lungisa kancinci isikrufu sokulungisa sevalvu ukuze uxinzelelo lokukhupha lutshintshe ngobuchule nangokuqhubekayo ngaphakathi koluhlu lwexabiso eliphezulu nelincinci, kwaye akufuneki kubekho ukuma okanye ukuvala. Kwiivalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo lomphunga, xa uxinzelelo lokungena luhlengahlengiswa kude, ivalvu yokuvala emva kwevalvu ivaliwe, kwaye uxinzelelo lokukhupha luxabiso eliphezulu neliphantsi. Kwimizuzu emi-2, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lokukhupha kwayo kufuneka kuhlangabezane neemfuno zeTheyibhile 4.176-22. Kwangaxeshanye, umthamo wombhobho ongasemva kwevalvu uhlangabezana neemfuno zeTheyibhile 4.18 zabafanelekileyo; Kwiivalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamanzi nomoya, xa uxinzelelo lokungena luhlengahlengiswa kwaye uxinzelelo lokukhupha luyi-zero, ivalvu yokunciphisa uxinzelelo ivaliwe ukuze kuvavanywe ukutywinwa, kwaye akukho kuvuza kungakapheli imizuzu emi-2 kuyafaneleka.

4. Indlela yokuvavanya uxinzelelo lwevalvu yebhabhathane

Uvavanyo lwamandla evalvu yebhabhathane ephefumulayo lufana nolwevalvu yokumisa. Uvavanyo lokusebenza kokutywina kwevalvu yebhabhathane kufuneka lungenise i-test medium ukusuka kwisiphelo sokugeleza okuphakathi, ipleyiti yebhabhathane mayivulwe, elinye icala livalwe, kwaye uxinzelelo kufuneka lufakwe kwixabiso elichaziweyo; emva kokujonga ukuba akukho kuvuza kwipakeji nakwezinye iindawo zokutywina, vala ipleyiti yebhabhathane, uvule elinye icala, kwaye ujonge ukuba akukho kuvuza kwinxalenye yokutywina yepleyiti yebhabhathane ukuze ufumane abafanelekileyo. Ivalvu yebhabhathane esetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba ayidingi kuvavanywa ukusebenza kokutywina.

5. Indlela yokuvavanya uxinzelelo lwevalvu yeplagi

① Xa ivalvu yeplagi ivavanywa amandla, i-medium ingeniswa ukusuka kwelinye icala, yonke indawo eseleyo iyavalwa, kwaye iplagi ijikeleziswa kwiindawo zokusebenza ezivulekileyo ngokupheleleyo ukuze kuvavanywe. Umzimba wevalvu uyafaneleka ukuba akukho kuvuza kufunyenweyo.

② Ngexesha lovavanyo lokutywina, ivalvu yeplagi ethe tye kufuneka igcine uxinzelelo olukwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba lulingana nolo lukwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba, ijikelezise iplagi iye kwindawo evaliweyo, ijonge ukusuka kwelinye icala, ize ijikelezise iplagi nge-180° ukuze iphinde uvavanyo olungasentla; ivalvu yeplagi eneendlela ezintathu okanye ezine kufuneka igcine uxinzelelo olukwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba lulingana nolo lukwicala elinye lendlela, ijikelezise iplagi iye kwindawo evaliweyo, ingenise uxinzelelo oluvela kwicala lasekunene, kwaye ijonge ukusuka kwezinye iziphelo ngaxeshanye.

Ngaphambi kokuvavanya ivalvu yeplagi, kuvumelekile ukufaka umaleko weoyile yokuthambisa engeyiyo i-asidi kumphezulu wokutywina. Ukuba akukho kuvuza okanye amaconsi amanzi akhulisiweyo afunyenweyo ngaphakathi kwexesha elichaziweyo, kuyafaneleka. Ixesha lovavanyo lwevalvu yeplagi linokuba lifutshane, ngokubanzi lichazwe njengemizuzu eli-1 ukuya kwe-3 ngokobubanzi obuqhelekileyo.

Ivalvu yeplagi yegesi kufuneka ivavanywe ukuba ayingeni moya na ngokuphindwe kayi-1.25 kunoxinzelelo olusebenzayo.

6. Indlela yokuvavanya uxinzelelo lweevalvu zediaphragm Uvavanyo lokuqina kweevalvu zediaphragm kukungenisa i-medium ukusuka kwelinye icala, ukuvula idiski yevalvu, nokuvala elinye icala. Emva kokuba uxinzelelo lovavanyo lunyuke ukuya kwixabiso elichaziweyo, jonga ukuba akukho kuvuza emzimbeni wevalvu nakwisigqubuthelo sevalvu. Emva koko yehlisa uxinzelelo ukuya kuxinzelelo lovavanyo lokutywina, vala idiski yevalvu, vula elinye icala ukuze uhlolwe, kwaye udlule ukuba akukho kuvuza.

7. Indlela yokuvavanya uxinzelelo lweevalvu zokumisa kunye neevalvu ze-throttle

Kwivavanyo lwamandla eevalvu zokumisa kunye neevalvu zokuthambisa, iivalvu ezidibeneyo zihlala zifakwa kwirakhi yovavanyo loxinzelelo, idiski yevalvu iyavulwa, i-medium ifakwa kwixabiso elichaziweyo, kwaye umzimba wevalvu kunye nesigqubuthelo sevalvu ziyajongwa ukuba azibi na kwaye azivuzi na. Uvavanyo lwamandla lunokwenziwa nakwiqhekeza elinye. Uvavanyo lokutywina lwenziwa kuphela kwiivalvu zokumisa. Ngexesha lovavanyo, isiqu sevalvu sevalvu yokumisa sikwimeko ethe nkqo, idiski yevalvu iyavulwa, kwaye i-medium ingeniswa ukusuka kwisiphelo esisezantsi sediski yevalvu ukuya kwixabiso elichaziweyo, kwaye ukupakisha kunye negasket kuyajongwa; emva kokuphumelela uvavanyo, idiski yevalvu iyavalwa kwaye elinye icala liyavulwa ukujonga ukuvuza. Ukuba zombini iimvavanyo zamandla evalvu kunye nokutywina ziya kwenziwa, uvavanyo lwamandla lunokwenziwa kuqala, kwaye emva koko uxinzelelo lunokwehliswa ukuya kwixabiso elichaziweyo lovavanyo lokutywina, kwaye ukupakisha kunye negasket kunokujongwa; emva koko idiski yevalvu ingavalwa kwaye isiphelo sokuphuma singavulwa ukujonga ukuba umphezulu wokutywina uyavuza na.