Ngokuphuculwa komgangatho wokuphila kwabantu, ukuqaphela ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye neenkxalabo zempilo, inguqu eluhlaza kwishishini lezinto zokwakha liye lamiselwa kwindawo yokubonelela ngamanzi kunye nokukhupha amanzi. Ngokwenani elikhulu leenkcukacha zokuhlola umgangatho wamanzi, iibhobho zentsimbi ezibandayo zivuthwa ngokubanzi emva kweminyaka engaphantsi kwe-5 yobomi benkonzo, kwaye ukuvumba kwentsimbi kunzulu. Abahlali bakhalaze kumasebe karhulumente omnye emva komnye, bebangela uhlobo lwengxaki yentlalo. Xa kuthelekiswa nemibhobho yentsimbi yesintu, imibhobho yeplastiki ineempawu zobunzima bokukhanya, ukuxhathisa umhlwa, amandla acinezelayo aphezulu, ucoceko kunye nokhuseleko, ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi aphantsi, ukonga amandla, ukonga isinyithi, indawo yokuhlala ephuculweyo, ubomi benkonzo ende, kunye nofakelo olufanelekileyo. Ithandwa luluntu lobunjineli kwaye ithatha indawo ebaluleke kakhulu, yenza umkhwa wophuhliso olungenangqiqo.

Iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kombhobho weplastiki

﹝一﹞Polypropylene umbhobho (PPR)

(1) Kwiiprojekthi zangoku zokwakha kunye nofakelo, uninzi lwezinto zokufudumeza kunye nonikezelo lwamanzi yimibhobho yePPR (iziqwenga). Iinzuzo zayo zilungele kwaye zifakela ngokukhawuleza, uqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo, ubunzima obulula, ucoceko kunye ne-non-toxic, ukumelana nobushushu obuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukusebenza kakuhle kokugcinwa kobushushu, ubomi obude kunye nezinye iingenelo. Ububanzi bombhobho bukhulu kunobukhulu obuqhelekileyo, kwaye i-diameter yepayipi yahlulwe ngokukodwa kwi-DN20, DN25, DN32, DN40, DN50, DN63, DN75, DN90, DN110. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zofakelo lwemibhobho, iiteyi, ingqiniba, izigxivizo zemibhobho, izinciphisi, iiplagi zemibhobho, iziqhoboshi zemibhobho, izibiyeli, ii-hangers. Kukho imibhobho yamanzi abandayo nashushu, umbhobho wamanzi abandayo ngumbhobho oluhlaza, kwaye umbhobho wamanzi ashushu ngumbhobho obomvu. Iivalve zibandakanya iivalve zebhola zePPR, iivalve zeglowubhu, iivalve zebhabhathane, iivalve zesango, kunye nezo zinezinto zePPR kunye nombindi wobhedu ngaphakathi.

(2) Iindlela zokudibanisa umbhobho ziquka i-welding, i-hot melt kunye ne-threaded connection. Umbhobho wePPR usebenzisa uqhagamshelo olushushu olunyibilikayo ukuba lube yeyona nto ithembekileyo, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ukuxinana komoya okulungileyo, kunye namandla ojongano oluphezulu. Umdibaniso wombhobho wamkela i-splicer yokudibanisa ebanjwe ngesandla ukwenzela uqhagamshelwano olushushu olunyibilikayo. Ngaphambi kokudibanisa, susa uthuli kunye nezinto zangaphandle kwimibhobho kunye nezixhobo. Xa ukukhanya okubomvu komtshini kukhanya kwaye kuzinzile, lungelelanisa imibhobho (iziqwenga) ukuba zidibanise. I-DN<50, i-hot melt deep yi-1-2MM, kunye ne-DN<110, i-hot melt deep yi-2-4MM. Xa udibanisa, faka ukuphela kombhobho ngaphandle kokujikeleza Faka kwijacket yokufudumeza ukufikelela kubunzulu obunqunywe kwangaphambili. Ngexesha elifanayo, tyhala izixhobo zombhobho kwintloko yokufudumeza ngaphandle kokujikeleza ukufudumeza. Emva kokuba ixesha lokufudumala lifikeleleke, susa ngokukhawuleza imibhobho kunye nezixhobo zombhobho kwijacket yokufudumala kunye nentloko yokufudumala ngexesha elifanayo, kwaye uzifake kubunzulu obufunekayo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokujikeleza. I-flange efanayo yenziwa kwindawo edibeneyo. Ngexesha lokufudumala elichaziweyo, i-joint esanda kufakwa i-welded inokulinganiswa, kodwa ukujikeleza kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo. Xa ufudumeza imibhobho kunye nokufakelwa, thintela ukufudumeza okugqithisileyo kwaye wenze ubukhulu bube buncinci. Umbhobho ukhubazekile ekufakeni umbhobho. Akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukujikeleza ngexesha lokutshisa i-melt intubation kunye nokulinganisa. Akufanele kubekho ilangatye elivulekileyo kwindawo yokusebenza, kwaye kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukubhaka umbhobho ngomlilo ovulekileyo. Xa ulungelelanisa umbhobho oshushu kunye nokufakelwa ngokuthe nkqo, sebenzisa amandla okukhanya ukukhusela i-elbow ekugobeni. Emva kokuba uqhagamshelo lugqityiwe, imibhobho kunye nokufakelwa kufuneka kubanjwe ngokuqinileyo ukuze kugcinwe ixesha elaneleyo lokupholisa, kwaye izandla zinokukhutshwa emva kokupholisa kwinqanaba elithile. Xa umbhobho we-PP-R udibaniswa nombhobho wensimbi, umbhobho we-PP-R kunye nokufakwa kwentsimbi kufuneka isetyenziswe njengenguqu. Umbhobho wokufakelwa kombhobho kunye nombhobho we-PP-R udibaniswe nesokhethi eshushu-encibilikayo kwaye idibaniswe nombhobho wentsimbi okanye izixhobo ze-hardware ze-sanitary ware. Xa usebenzisa uxhulumaniso olunentambo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iteyiphu ye-polypropylene ekrwada njengesizaliso sokutywina. Ukuba i-faucet iqhagamshelwe kwi-pool ye-mop, faka i-elbow yowesifazane (efakwe ngaphakathi) ekupheleni kombhobho wePPR kuyo. Ungasebenzisi amandla amaninzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokufakela umbhobho, ukwenzela ukuba ungonakalisi i-threaded fittings kwaye ubangele ukuvuza kwikhonkco. Ukunqunyulwa kwemibhobho nako kunqunyulwa ngemibhobho ekhethekileyo: i-bayonet ye-scissors yombhobho kufuneka ilungiswe ukuze ihambelane nobubanzi bombhobho osikiweyo, kwaye amandla kufuneka asetyenziswe ngokulinganayo xa ujikeleza kwaye usika. Emva kokusika, i-fracture kufuneka ijikelezwe nge-rounder ehambelanayo. Xa umbhobho uphukile, icandelo kufuneka libe yi-perpendicular kwi-axis yombhobho ngaphandle kwe-burrs.

﹝二﹞ Umbhobho oqinileyo wePolyvinyl Chloride (UPVC)

(1) Imibhobho ye-UPVC (iziqwenga) isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amanzi. Ngenxa yobunzima bayo obulula, ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion, amandla aphezulu, njl., isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kufakelo lwemibhobho. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, ubomi benkonzo ngokuqhelekileyo bufikelela kwiminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50. Umbhobho we-UPVC unodonga lwangaphakathi olugudileyo kunye nokuchasana kwe-friction ephantsi, eyoyisa isiphene ukuba umbhobho wentsimbi uchaphazela izinga lokuhamba ngenxa yokugqwala kunye nokulinganisa. Idayamitha yombhobho iphinda ibe nobukhulu obukhulu kunomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo.Ukufakwa kwemibhobhozahlulwe zaba zii-oblique tees, iminqamlezo, iingqiniba, iiclamps zemibhobho, izinciphisi, iiplagi zemibhobho, imigibe, iiclamps zemibhobho, kunye neehangers.

(2) Khupha iglu ukuze udibanise. I-adhesive kufuneka ishukunyiswe ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa. Imibhobho kunye neendawo zokuhlala kufuneka zicocwe. Incinci i-gap ye-socket, ingcono. Sebenzisa ilaphu le-emery okanye isarha yesarha ukwenza rhabaxa umphezulu odibeneyo. Gcoba i-glue encinci ngaphakathi kwi-socket kwaye usebenzise i-glue kabini ngaphandle kwesokhethi. Lindela ukuba iglue yome kwi-40-60s. Emva kokuyifaka endaweni, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ukwandisa okanye ukunciphisa ixesha lokumisa iglue ngokutshintsha kwemozulu. Amanzi anqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ngexesha lokudibanisa. Umbhobho kufuneka ubekwe phantsi emseleni emva kokuba usendaweni. Emva kokuba umdibaniso womile, qalisa ukubuyisela umva. Xa u-backfilling, gcwalisa umjikelezo wombhobho ngokuqinileyo ngesanti kwaye ushiye inxalenye edibeneyo ukuba ibuyiselwe ngobuninzi. Sebenzisa iimveliso ezivela kumenzi ofanayo. Xa udibanisa umbhobho we-UPVC kumbhobho wensimbi, ukudibanisa kombhobho wensimbi kufuneka kuhlanjululwe kwaye kufakwe iglu, umbhobho we-UPVC ushushu ukuze uthambe (kodwa ungatshisi), uze ufakwe kwipayipi yensimbi kwaye upholile. Kungcono ukongeza iqhosha lombhobho. Ukuba umbhobho wonakaliswe kwindawo enkulu kwaye kufuneka utshintshe umbhobho wonke, umdibaniso wesokhethi kabini ungasetyenziselwa ukutshintsha umbhobho. Indlela ye-solvent ingasetyenziselwa ukujongana nokuvuza kwe-solvent bonding. Ngeli xesha, cima amanzi kumbhobho kuqala, kwaye wenze umbhobho wenze uxinzelelo olubi, uze ujobe i-adhesive kwi-pores yenxalenye evuzayo. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo olubi kwi-tube, i-adhesive iya kuxutywa kwiipores ukufezekisa injongo yokuyeka ukuvuza. Indlela yokudibanisa i-patch ijolise ikakhulu ekuvuzeni kwemingxuma emincinci kunye nokudibanisa kwimibhobho. Ngeli xesha, khetha i-15-20cm imibhobho emide yomgangatho ofanayo, uwanqumle ngokwawo ngobude, urhabaxa umphezulu ongaphakathi we-casing kunye nomphandle wombhobho ongaphandle oza kuqhotyoshelwa ngokwendlela yokudibanisa amalungu, kwaye uvale indawo evuzayo. ngeglu. Indlela yefiber yeglasi kukulungiselela isisombululo se-resin kunye ne-epoxy resin kunye ne-agent ephilisayo. Emva kokufaka isisombululo se-resin ngelaphu le-fiber yeglasi, inxeba elilinganayo phezu kwendawo evuzayo yombhobho okanye i-joint, kwaye iba yi-FRP emva kokunyanga. Ngenxa yokuba indlela inokwakhiwa okulula, iteknoloji elula ukuya kwi-master, isiphumo esihle sokuplaga kunye neendleko eziphantsi, inokunyusa okuphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwexabiso kwi-anti-seepage kunye nembuyekezo yokuvuza.