I-Taboo 1

Ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwebusika, uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic lwenziwa kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.

Iziphumo: Ngenxa yokuba umbhobho ukhawuleza uqine ngexesha lovavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic, umbhobho uyaqina.

Amanyathelo: Zama ukwenza uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic ngaphambi kokufakwa ebusika, kwaye uvuthele amanzi emva kovavanyo loxinzelelo. Ngokukodwa, amanzi kwivalvu kufuneka asuswe ngokupheleleyo, kungenjalo ivalvu iya kugqwala okanye iqine kwaye iqhekeke xa imbi kakhulu.

Xa uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwamanzi lweprojekthi kufuneka lwenziwe ebusika, ubushushu bangaphakathi kufuneka bugcinwe bukwiqondo lobushushu elihle, kwaye amanzi kufuneka avuthuzwe emva kovavanyo loxinzelelo.

I-Taboo 2

Ukuba inkqubo yemibhobho ayihlanjwanga ngononophelo ngaphambi kokuba igqitywe, isantya sokuhamba kunye nesantya azinakwanelisa iimfuno zokuhlanjwa kwemibhobho. Nokuba ukuhlanjwa kuthathwa indawo kukuhlanjwa kovavanyo lwamandla e-hydraulic.

Iziphumo: Umgangatho wamanzi awuhlangabezani neemfuno zokusebenza kwenkqubo yemibhobho, nto leyo edla ngokubangela ukuba imibhobho inciphe okanye ivaleke.

Amanyathelo: Sebenzisa isantya esiphezulu sokuhamba kwejusi kwinkqubo okanye isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi esingaphantsi kwe-3m/s ukuze uhlambe. Umbala wamanzi akhutshwayo kunye nokucaca kwawo kufuneka kuhambelane nombala kunye nokucaca kwamanzi angenayo ngokwembono.

I-Taboo 3

Amanzi amdaka, amanzi emvula kunye nemibhobho ye-condensate mayifihlwe ngaphandle kokuba kuvavanywe ukuba amanzi avalwe na.

Iziphumo: Ukuvuza kwamanzi kusenokubakho kwaye kubekho ilahleko kubasebenzisi.

Amanyathelo: Umsebenzi wovavanyo lwamanzi avaliweyo kufuneka uhlolwe kwaye wamkelwe ngokungqongqo ngokweemfuno. Indle efihliweyo, amanzi emvula, imibhobho econdensate, njl. njl. egqunywe phantsi komhlaba, kwiisilingi ezixhonyiweyo, phakathi kwemibhobho, njl. kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba ayingeni kuvuza.

I-Taboo 4

Ngexesha lovavanyo lwamandla e-hydraulic kunye novavanyo lokuqina kwenkqubo yemibhobho, kuphela ixabiso loxinzelelo kunye notshintsho lwamanqanaba amanzi olubonwayo, kwaye ukuhlolwa kokuvuza akwanelanga.

Iziphumo: Ukuvuza kwenzeka emva kokuba inkqubo yemibhobho isebenza, nto leyo echaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwesiqhelo.

Amanyathelo: Xa inkqubo yemibhobho ivavanywa ngokuhambelana neemfuno zoyilo kunye neenkcukacha zokwakha, ukongeza ekurekhodeni ixabiso loxinzelelo okanye utshintsho lwamanzi ngaphakathi kwexesha elichaziweyo, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokukodwa ukujonga ngononophelo ukuba kukho nayiphi na ingxaki yokuvuza.

I-Taboo 5

Ivalvu yebhabhathaneukusetyenziswa kweflangei-flange yevalvu eqhelekileyo.

Iziphumo: Ubungakanani beflange yevalvu yebhabhathane bahlukile kobo beflange yevalvu eqhelekileyo. Ezinye iiflange zinedayamitha encinci yangaphakathi, ngelixa ivalvu yebhabhathane inediski enkulu yevalvu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ivalvu ingavuleki okanye ivuleke nzima, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kwivalvu.

Iindlela: Cubungula ipleyiti yeflange ngokobukhulu bokwenyani beflange yevalvu yebhabhathane.

I-Taboo 6

Akukho mingxunya igciniweyo kunye neendawo ezifakwe ngaphakathi ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sesakhiwo, okanye imingxuma egciniweyo mincinci kakhulu kwaye iindawo ezifakwe ngaphakathi aziphawulwanga.

Iziphumo: Ngexesha lokwakhiwa kweeprojekthi zokufudumeza nokucoca, isakhiwo sesakhiwo siyatshizwa okanye imivalo yentsimbi ethwele uxinzelelo iyasikwa, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza kokhuseleko lwesakhiwo.

Amanyathelo: Ziqhelanise ngononophelo nemizobo yokwakha yeprojekthi yobunjineli bokufudumeza nococeko, kwaye usebenzisane ngononophelo nangokuzimisela nolwakhiwo lwesakhiwo ukuze ugcine imingxunya kunye neendawo ezifakwe ngaphakathi ngokweemfuno zokufakelwa kwemibhobho kunye neenkxaso kunye nee-hangers. Ngokukodwa bhekisa kwiimfuno zoyilo kunye neenkcukacha zokwakha.

I-Taboo 7

Xa kudityaniswa imibhobho, iindawo ezidityanisiweyo zemibhobho emva kokudityaniswa azikho kumgca ofanayo osembindini, akukho sithuba sishiyekileyo sokudityaniswa, imibhobho enodonga oluqinileyo ayijikwanga, kwaye ububanzi kunye nokuphakama kwe-weld akuhlangabezani neemfuno zeenkcukacha zokwakha.

Iziphumo: Ukungalungelelani kakuhle kweendawo zokudibanisa iipayipi kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wokudityaniswa kweepayipi kunye nomgangatho wokubonakala. Ukuba akukho msantsa phakathi kweendawo zokudibanisa iipayipi, akukho kujika kweepayipi ezibiyelweyo, kwaye ububanzi kunye nokuphakama kweendawo zokudibanisa azihlangabezani neemfuno, ukudityaniswa kweepayipi akuyi kuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla.

Amanyathelo: Emva kokudityaniswa kweentambo zemibhobho, imibhobho akufuneki ibekwe ecaleni kwaye mayibe kumgca osembindini; kufuneka kushiywe izithuba kwiindawo ezidityanisiweyo; imibhobho enodonga oluqinileyo mayibe ne-beveled. Ukongeza, ububanzi kunye nokuphakama komthungo wokudityaniswa kwentambo kufuneka kudityaniswe ngokweemfuno.

I-Taboo 8

Iipayipi zingcwatywe ngqo kumhlaba oqandisiweyo nakumhlaba okhululekileyo onganyangwanga, kwaye isithuba kunye nendawo yeentsika zepayipi azifanelekanga, kwaye kusetyenziswa nezitena ezomileyo.

Iziphumo: Ngenxa yenkxaso engaguqukiyo, umbhobho wonakele ngexesha lenkqubo yokuthambisa umhlaba ozaliswayo, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba kuphinde kulungiswe.

Imilinganiselo: Imibhobho akufuneki igqunywe kumhlaba oqandisiweyo okanye kumhlaba okhululekileyo onganyangwanga. Isithuba esiphakathi kwee-buttress kufuneka sihambelane neemfuno zeenkcukacha zokwakha. Ii-support pads maziqine, ingakumbi ii-interfaces zepayipi, ezingafanele zithwale amandla okucheba. Ii-buttress zezitena mazikhiwe nge-samente mortar ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuqina.

I-Taboo 9

Iibholiti zokwandisa ezisetyenziselwa ukulungisa izixhasi zepayipi zenziwe ngezinto eziphantsi, imingxunya yokufaka iibholiti zokwandisa inkulu kakhulu, okanye iibholiti zokwandisa zifakwe kwiindonga zezitena okanye nakwiindonga ezikhaphukhaphu.

Iziphumo: Izixhasi zepayipi zikhululekile kwaye iipayipi zikhubazekile okanye ziyawa.

Amanyathelo: Iimveliso ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zikhethwe kwiibholiti zokwandisa. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kufuneka kwenziwe isampuli ukuze kuvavanywe uvavanyo. Ububanzi bomngxuma wokufaka iibholiti zokwandisa akufuneki bube bukhulu kunobubanzi bangaphandle beebholiti zokwandisa nge-2 mm. Iibholiti zokwandisa kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwizakhiwo zekhonkrithi.

I-Taboo 10

I-flange kunye ne-gasket yoqhagamshelo lombhobho azinamandla ngokwaneleyo, kwaye iibholithi zokudibanisa zimfutshane okanye zincinci ububanzi. Iipayipi zokufudumeza zisebenzisa ii-raber pads, iipayipi zamanzi abandayo zisebenzisa ii-double-layer pads okanye ii-bevel pads, kwayeii-flange pads ziphuma kwimibhobho.

Iziphumo: Uqhagamshelo lweflange aluqinanga, okanye lonakele, nto leyo ebangela ukuvuza. I-flange gasket iphuma ingena kumbhobho kwaye yonyusa ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi.

Imilinganiselo: Iiflanges zepayipi kunye neegaskets kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zoxinzelelo lokusebenza koyilo lombhobho.

Ii-asbestos pads zerabha mazisetyenziswe kwii-flange linings zeepayipi zokufudumeza kunye nezokuhambisa amanzi ashushu; ii-raber pads mazisetyenziswe kwii-flange linings zeepayipi zokuhambisa amanzi kunye nezokuhambisa amanzi.

I-flange gasket akufuneki iphume iye kumbhobho, kwaye isangqa sayo sangaphandle kufuneka sifikelele kumngxuma we-flange bolt. Ii-bevel pads okanye ii-pads ezininzi akufuneki zibekwe phakathi kwe-flange. Ububanzi be-bolt edibanisa i-flange kufuneka bube ngaphantsi kwe-2 mm kunobubanzi bomngxuma we-flange plate. Ubude bentonga ye-bolt ephuma kwi-nut kufuneka bube yi-1/2 yobukhulu be-nut.