Umphezulu wokuvala uhlala ubola, ukhukulisekile, kwaye ugugile yi-medium kwaye wonakaliswa lula kuba i-seal isebenza njengesixhobo sokusika nokudibanisa, ukulawula nokusasaza, ukwahlula, kunye nokuxuba izixhobo zemidiya kwitshaneli yevalvu.

Umonakalo womphezulu ungavalwa ngenxa yezizathu ezibini: umonakalo owenziwe ngumntu kunye nomonakalo wendalo. Uyilo olubi, ukwenziwa kakubi, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezingafanelekanga, ukufakwa gwenxa, ukusetyenziswa kakubi, kunye nokugcinwa kakubi zezinye zezizathu zomonakalo obangelwa yimisebenzi yabantu. Umonakalo wendalo kukuguguleka kwentoivalvuokwenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwaye kungenxa yokugqwala okungenakuphepheka kwesi sixokelelwano kunye nesenzo sokuguguleka kumphezulu wokuvala.

Izizathu zomonakalo womphezulu wokutywina zingashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Umgangatho wokusebenza komphezulu wokutywina awulunganga.

Iimpawu eziphambili zalo ziziphene ezifana nemifantu, iimbobo, kunye nezinto ezifakwe kumphezulu wokuvala, ezibangelwa kukuwelda okungafanelekanga komphezulu kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yonyango lobushushu kunye nokukhethwa kweenkcukacha ezingafanelekanga. Ukukhetha izinto ngendlela engalunganga kuye kwabangela ukuba kubekho ubunzima obuphezulu kakhulu okanye obuphantsi kakhulu kumphezulu wokuvala. Ngenxa yokuba isinyithi esingaphantsi sivuthuzwa siye phezulu ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvala, nto leyo enciphisa ukwakheka kwe-alloy yomphezulu wokuvala, ubunzima bomphezulu wokuvala abulingani kwaye abumelani nokugqwala, nokuba ngokwendalo okanye ngenxa yonyango olungalunganga lobushushu. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, kukho neengxaki zoyilo koku.

2. Umonakalo obangelwe kukukhetha okubi kunye nokusebenza kakubi

Eyona nto iphambili kukuba ukunqunyulwaivalvuisetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokunciphisa umngciphekoivalvukwaye ivalvu ayikhethwanga kwiimeko zokusebenza, nto leyo ebangela uxinzelelo olukhulu lokuvala kunye nokuvala ngokukhawuleza okanye okuthe ngcembe, okukhokelela ekukhukulisekeni nasekugugeni komphezulu wokuvala.

Umphezulu wokuvala uya kusebenza ngendlela engaqhelekanga ngenxa yokufakelwa okungafanelekanga kunye nokugcinwa ngokungakhathali, kwaye ivalvu iya kusebenza kakubi, yonakalise umphezulu wokuvala ngaphambi kwexesha.

3. Ukonakala kwekhemikhali ephakathi

Xa kungekho kuveliswa kwangoku yi-medium ejikeleze umphezulu wokuvala, i-medium idibana ngokuthe ngqo nomphezulu wokuvala kwaye iwudle. Umphezulu wokuvala kwicala le-anode uya kudla ngenxa yokubola kwe-electrochemical kunye nokudibana phakathi kwemiphezulu yokuvala, ukudibana phakathi komphezulu wokuvala kunye nomzimba wokuvala kunye nomzimba wevalvu, umahluko woxinzelelo lwe-medium, umahluko woxinzelelo lwe-oxygen, njl.njl.

4. Ukukhukuliseka okuphakathi

Kwenzeka xa i-medium idlula kumphezulu wokuvala ize ibangele ukuguguleka, ukukhukuliseka, kunye nokuqhekeka. Amasuntswana amancinci adadayo kwi-medium abetha kumphezulu wokuvala xa efikelela kwisantya esithile, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kwindawo ethile. Umonakalo wendawo ubangelwa yimidiya ehamba ngesantya esiphezulu ejikeleza ngqo kumphezulu wokuvala. Amaqamza omoya ayaqhuma aze aqhagamshelane nomphezulu wokuvala xa i-medium idityanisiwe kwaye iphuma kancinci, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kwindawo ethile. Umphezulu wokuvala uya kukhukuliseka kakhulu ngumsebenzi wokukhukuliseka kwe-medium kunye nesenzo sokugqwala kweekhemikhali esinye.

5. Umonakalo woomatshini

Ukukrweleka, ukukrweleka, ukucudiswa, kunye nokunye ukulimala kumphezulu wokuvala kuya kwenzeka kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvula nokuvala. Phantsi kwempembelelo yobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ii-athomu zingena enye kwenye phakathi kwemiphezulu emibini yokuvala, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho into yokuncamathela. Ukuncamathela kuyakrazuka lula xa imiphezulu emibini yokuvala ishukuma ngokunxulumene. Le nto inokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke ukuba umphezulu wokuvala unoburhabaxa obuphezulu bomphezulu. Umphezulu wokuvala uya kuba mdaka okanye uqhekeke ngenxa yokutyumzeka nokucinezelwa kwediski yevalvu yomphezulu wokuvala xa ibuyela kwisihlalo sevalvu ngexesha lokusebenza kokuvala.

6. Ukuguguleka nokukrazula

Umphezulu wokutywina uya kudinwa ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yesenzo sokutshintshana kwemithwalo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwemifantu kunye nokuxobuka kweengqimba. Emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, irabha kunye neplastiki zidla ngokuguga, nto leyo ephazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle.

Kucacile kwisifundo sezizathu zomonakalo womphezulu wokutywina owenziwe apha ngasentla ukuba ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zomphezulu wokutywina, izakhiwo ezifanelekileyo zokutywina, kunye neendlela zokucubungula kubalulekile ukwandisa umgangatho kunye nobomi benkonzo yomphezulu wokutywina kwiivalvu.