1. Intshayelelo kwiivalvu zesango

1.1. Umgaqo wokusebenza kunye nomsebenzi weevalvu zesango:

Iivalvu zesango zodidi lweevalvu ezisikiweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ifakwe kwimibhobho enobubanzi obukhulu kune-100mm, ukunqumla okanye ukudibanisa ukuhamba kweendaba kumbhobho. Ngenxa yokuba idiski yevalve ikuhlobo lwesango, ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yivalve yesango. Iivalve zesango zineenzuzo zokutshintsha kwabasebenzi kunye nokumelana nokuhamba okuphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, umphezulu wokutywina ulungele ukunxiba kunye nokuvuza, i-stroke yokuvula inkulu, kwaye ukugcinwa kunzima. Iivalvu zesango azinakusetyenziswa njengeevalvu zokulawula kwaye kufuneka zibe kwindawo evuleke ngokupheleleyo okanye evalwe ngokupheleleyo. Umgaqo wokusebenza ngulo: xa ivalve yesango ivaliwe, isiqu sevalve sihla siye ezantsi kwaye sixhomekeke kumphezulu wokutywina wevalufa yesango kunye nendawo yokutywina yesitulo sevalve ukuba ibe mtyibilizi kakhulu, ithe tyaba kwaye ingaguquguquki, ilingane omnye komnye ukuthintela ukuhamba kwemithombo yeendaba, kwaye uthembele kwi-wedge ephezulu ukunyusa umphumo wokutywina. Iqhekeza layo lokuvala lihamba ngokuthe nkqo kumgca osembindini. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeevalvu zesango, ezinokuthi zohlulwe zibe luhlobo lwe-wedge kunye nohlobo oluhambelanayo ngokohlobo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwahlulwe lwaba yisango elinye kunye nesango eliphindwe kabini.

1.2 Ulwakhiwo:

Umzimba wevalve yesango wamkela ifom yokuzitywina. Indlela yokudibanisa phakathi kwesivalo sevalve kunye nomzimba wevalve kukusebenzisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwesixhobo esikwivalvu ukucinezela ukupakishwa kokutywina ukufezekisa injongo yokutywina. Ukupakisha ukutywinwa kwevalve yesango kutywinwe ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-asbestos epakisha ngocingo lobhedu.

Ulwakhiwo lwevalve yesango luqulunqwe ikakhuluumzimba wevalvu, isigqubuthelo sevalvu, isakhelo, isikhondo sevalve, iidiski zevalve ekhohlo nasekunene, ukupakisha isixhobo sokutywina, njl.

Izinto zomzimba zevalve zahlulwe zibe yintsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi yealloyi ngokoxinzelelo kunye nobushushu bombhobho ophakathi. Ngokubanzi, umzimba wevalve wenziwe ngezinto zealloyi ezifakwe kwiinkqubo zomphunga oshushu kakhulu, t＞450℃ okanye ngaphezulu, ezinje ngeevalvu zebhoyila zokukhupha. Kwiivalvu ezifakwe kwiinkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi okanye iipayipi ezinobushushu obuphakathi t≤450 ℃, i-valve yomzimba inokuba yintsimbi ye-carbon.

Iivalvu zesango zifakelwa ngokubanzi kwimibhobho yamanzi enomphunga nge-DN≥100 mm. Iidayamitha ezinqabileyo zeevalve zesango kwi-boiler ye-WGZ1045 / 17.5-1 kwiSigaba se-Zhangshan I-DN300, i-DNl25 kunye ne-DNl00.

2. Inkqubo yokugcinwa kwevalvu yesango

2.1 Ukuqhaqha iValve:

2.1.1 Susa iibholithi zokulungisa zesakhelo esingaphezulu sesivalo sevalvu, khulula amandongomane eebholiti ezine kwisigqubuthelo sevalvu yokunyusa, jika isiqu sevalve nut ngasekhohlo ukwahlula isakhelo sevalve kumzimba wevalvu, emva koko usebenzise ukuphakamisa. isixhobo sokuphakamisa isakhelo phantsi kwaye usibeke kwindawo efanelekileyo. Ivalve stem nut kufuneka ichithwe kwaye ihlolwe.

2.1.2 Khupha umsesane owubambayo kumzimba wevalve etywina i-valve-way-way, cofa isigqubuthelo sevalve phantsi ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo ukwenza umsantsa phakathi kwesivalo sevalve kunye neringi eneendlela ezine. Emva koko khupha iringi yeendlela ezine ngokwamacandelo. Okokugqibela, sebenzisa isixhobo sokuphakamisa ukuphakamisa isivalo sevalve kunye nesiqu sevalve kunye nediski yevalvu ngaphandle komzimba wevalvu. Yibeke kwindawo yokulungisa, kwaye ubeke ingqalelo ukukhusela umonakalo kwi-disc ye-valve surface.

2.1.3 Coca ngaphakathi kumzimba wevalvu, jonga ubume bendawo yesitulo sevalve, kwaye ujonge indlela yokuwugcina. Gquma ivalve echithakeleyo ngesigqubuthelo esikhethekileyo okanye isigqubuthelo, kwaye uncamathisele isitywina.

2.1.4 Khulula iibholithi zehenjisi zebhokisi yokuhlohla kwisivalo sevalvu. Idlala lokupakisha likhululekile, kwaye isiqu sevalve sikrwelwe phantsi.

2.1.5 Susa iziqhoboshi eziphezulu nezisezantsi zesakhelo sediski yevalve, uziqhawule, khupha iidiski zevalve esekhohlo nasekunene, kwaye ugcine umphezulu wendalo yonke wangaphakathi kunye neegaskithi. Ukulinganisa ubukhulu begasket kwaye wenze irekhodi.

2.2 Ukulungiswa kwamalungu evalvu:

2.2.1 Umphezulu odibeneyo wesihlalo sevalve yesango kufuneka ucolwe ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo sokugaya (umpu wokugaya, njl.). Ukugaya kunokwenziwa ngesanti yokusila okanye ilaphu le-emery. Indlela ikwasuka korhatyazo ukuya kwelungileyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni ipholisha.

2.2.2 Umphezulu odibeneyo wediski yevalve unokucolwa ngesandla okanye ngomatshini wokusila. Ukuba kukho imingxuma enzulu okanye i-grooves phezu komhlaba, ingathunyelwa kwi-lathe okanye i-grinder ye-micro-processing, kwaye iphuculwe emva kokuba zonke zibekwe.

2.2.3 Coca isigqubuthelo sevalve kunye nokupakishwa kokutywina, susa umhlwa kwiindonga zangaphakathi nangaphandle zeringi yoxinzelelo, ukuze i-ring pressure ifakwe ngokutyibilikayo kwindawo ephezulu yesivalo, elungele ukucinezela i-valve. ukupakisha ukupakisha.

2.2.4 Coca ukupakisha kwibhokisi yokufaka i-valve stem, khangela ukuba i-ring yangaphakathi yokupakisha isihlalo ilungile, ukucocwa phakathi komngxuma ongaphakathi kunye nesiqu kufuneka kufezekise iimfuno, kunye neringi yangaphandle kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi lwebhokisi yokufaka. ungabambeki.

2.2.5 Coca umhlwa kwi-packing gland kunye ne-pressure plate, kwaye umphezulu kufuneka ucoceke kwaye uphelele. Ukucocwa phakathi komngxuma wangaphakathi wegland kunye nesiqu kufuneka kufezekise iimfuno, kwaye udonga lwangaphandle kunye nebhokisi lokupakisha akufanele linamathele, ngaphandle koko kufuneka lilungiswe.

2.2.6 Khulula ihinge bolt, khangela ukuba indawo enemisonto ifanele ukuba yomelele kwaye nati iphelele. Ungayijika kancinci kwingcambu yebholi ngesandla, kwaye iphini kufuneka ijikeleze ngokuguquguqukayo.

2.2.7 Coca umhlwa kumphezulu wesikhondo sevalve, khangela ukugoba, kwaye wolule ukuba kuyimfuneko. Inxalenye yentambo ye-trapezoidal kufuneka ihambelane, ngaphandle kweentambo eziphukileyo kunye nomonakalo, kwaye usebenzise i-powder lead emva kokucoca.

2.2.8 Coca iringi yesine-kwinye, kwaye umphezulu kufuneka ube mpuluswa. Kufuneka kungabikho burrs okanye curling kwinqwelomoya.

2.2.9 I-bolt nganye yokudibanisa kufuneka ihlambuluke, i-nut kufuneka iphelele kwaye iguquguquke, kwaye inxalenye edibeneyo kufuneka ifakwe ngomgubo okhokelayo.

2.2.10 Coca i-stem nut kunye nokuzala kwangaphakathi:

① Susa izikrufu zokulungisa ze-stem nut yokutshixa kunye nendlu, kwaye ukhulule i-screw edge yokutshixa ngokunxamnye newotshi.

② Khupha i-stem nut, i-bearing, kunye ne-disc spring, kwaye uzicoce nge-kerosene. Khangela ukuba i-bearing ijikeleza ngokuguquguqukayo kwaye ingaba i-disc spring ineentanda.

③ Coca i-stem nut, khangela ukuba intambo yeleli ye-bushing yangaphakathi ilungile, kwaye izikrufu zokulungisa ezinezindlu kufuneka ziqine kwaye zithembeke. I-bushing wear kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno, ngaphandle koko kufuneka itshintshwe.

④ Faka ibhotolo kwibheringi kwaye uyifake kwi-stem nut. Hlanganisa i-disc spring njengoko kufuneka kwaye uyibuyisele ngokulandelelana. Ekugqibeleni, yitshixe nge-nut yokuvala kwaye uyilungise ngokuqinileyo ngezikrufu.

2.3 Ukudityaniswa kwevalve yesango:

2.3.1 Fakela iidiski zevalve ekhohlo nasekunene ezicoliweyo kwiringi ye-valve stem clamp kwaye uzilungise ngezibambisi eziphezulu nezisezantsi. I-universal top kunye ne-gaskets yokulungelelanisa kufuneka ifakwe ngaphakathi ngokwemeko yokuhlola.

2.3.2 Faka isiqu sevalvu kunye nediski yevalvu kwisitulo sevalve ukuze uhlolwe. Emva kokuba idiskhi yevalve kunye nendawo yokutywina yesitulo sevalve zinxibelelene ngokupheleleyo, indawo yokutywina yedisk yevalve kufuneka ibe phezulu kunomphezulu wokutywina wesihlalo sevalve kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zomgangatho. Ngaphandle koko, ubukhulu be-gasket kwi-universal top kufuneka bulungiswe de bufaneleke, kwaye i-gasket yokumisa kufuneka isetyenziswe ukutywina ukuyikhusela ukuba ingawi.

2.3.3 Coca umzimba wevalvu, sula isitulo sevalvu kunye nediski yevalvu. Emva koko faka isiqu sevalve kunye nediski yevalve kwisitulo sevalve kwaye ufake isigqubuthelo sevalvu.

2.3.4 Fakela ukupakishwa kokutywina kwindawo yokuzitywina yesivalo sevalvu njengoko kufuneka. Iimpawu zokupakisha kunye nenani lendandatho kufuneka lihlangabezane nemigangatho yomgangatho. Inxalenye ephezulu yokupakisha icinezelwe ngendandatho yoxinzelelo kwaye ekugqibeleni ivalwe ngesitya sokugubungela.

2.3.5 Phinda udibanise i-ringi emine ngokwamacandelo, kwaye usebenzise iringi yogcino ukuyithintela ukuba ingawi, kwaye uqinise i-nut yebholithi yokuphakamisa isivalo sevalve.

2.3.6 Gcwalisa isiqu sevalvu yokutywina kwibhokisi yokuhlohla ngokupakishwa njengoko kufuneka, faka idlala elibonakalayo kunye nepleyiti yoxinzelelo, kwaye uyiqinise ngezikrufu zehinge.

2.3.7 Hlanganisa kwakhona isakhelo sesigqubuthelo sevalve, jikelezisa isiqu sevalve ephezulu ukwenza isakhelo siwe kumzimba wevalvu, kwaye uyiqinise ngeebholithi zokuyinqanda ukuba ingawi.

2.3.8 Ukudibanisa kwakhona isixhobo sokuqhuba umbane iveluve; isikrufu esiphezulu senxalenye yoqhagamshelo kufuneka siqiniswe ukunqanda ukuba ingawi, kwaye uvavanye ngesandla ukuba iswitshi yevalve iyaguquguquka.

2.3.9 Ipleyiti yegama lesivalo icacile, ayichanekanga kwaye ichanekile. Iirekhodi zogcino ziphelele kwaye zicacile; kwaye baye bamkelwa baza bafaneleka.

2.3.10 Umbhobho kunye nokugqunywa kwevalvu kugqityiwe, kwaye nesiza sogcino sicocekile.

3. Imigangatho yemigangatho yokugcinwa kwevalve yesango

3.1 Umzimba wevalvu:

3.1.1 Umzimba wevalvu kufuneka ungabinaziphene ezifana nemingxuma yesanti, iintanda kunye nokhukuliseko, kwaye kufuneka uphathwe kwangethuba emva kokufunyanwa.

3.1.2 Makungabikho nkunkuma kumzimba wevalvu kunye nombhobho, kwaye indawo yokungena kunye nendawo yokuphuma mayingathinteleki.

3.1.3 Iplagi esemazantsi omzimba wevalvu kufuneka iqinisekise ukutywinwa okuthembekileyo kwaye akukho kuvuza.

3.2 Isiqu sevalvu:

3.2.1 Iqondo lokugoba lesiqu se-valve akufanele libe likhulu kune-1/1000 yobude obupheleleyo, ngaphandle koko kufuneka lilungiswe okanye litshintshwe.

3.2.2 Inxalenye yentambo ye-trapezoidal ye-valve stem kufuneka iphelele, ngaphandle kweziphene ezinjengamabhantshi aphukileyo kunye neentsimbi ezilumayo, kwaye ukunxiba akufanele kube ngaphezu kwe-1/3 yobukhulu bomsonto we-trapezoidal.

3.2.3 Umphezulu kufuneka ube mpuluswa kwaye ungabi nomhlwa. Akufunekanga kubekho umhlwa ogqabhukileyo kunye nokudilizwa komphezulu kwindawo yoqhagamshelwano enetywina lokupakisha. Ubunzulu obufanayo be-corrosion point ye-≥0.25 mm kufuneka itshintshwe. Ukugqiba kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba kungaphezulu ▽6.

3.2.4 Umsonto wokudibanisa kufuneka ube ungaguquki kwaye isikhonkwane kufuneka silungiswe ngokuthembekileyo.

3.2.5 Idibaniso yentonga yokugawula kunye nentonga yokugawula intonga kufuneka iguquguquke, ngaphandle kwe-jamming ngexesha lokubetha okupheleleyo, kwaye umsonto kufuneka ugqunywe ngomgubo welothe ukuze uthambise kunye nokukhusela.

3.3 Ukupakisha isitywina:

3.3.1 Uxinzelelo lokupakisha kunye nobushushu obusetyenzisiweyo kufuneka buhlangabezane neemfuno zevalve medium. Imveliso kufuneka ikhatshwe sisatifikethi sokuthotyelwa okanye yenze uvavanyo oluyimfuneko kunye nokuchonga.

3.3.2 Iinkcukacha zokupakisha kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zobungakanani bebhokisi yokutywina. Iipakethi ezinkulu kakhulu okanye ezincinci kakhulu akufanele zisetyenziswe endaweni yoko. Ubude bokupakisha kufuneka buhlangabezane neemfuno zobungakanani bevalve, kwaye umda wokuqinisa i-thermal kufuneka ushiywe.

3.3.3 I-interface yokupakisha kufuneka inqunywe kwi-oblique shape ene-angle ye-45 °. Ujongano lwesangqa ngasinye kufuneka lugxadazelwe ngu-90 ° -180 °. Ubude bokupakisha emva kokusika kufuneka bufaneleke. Kufuneka kungabikho msantsa okanye ukugqithelana kwi-interface xa ibekwe kwibhokisi yokupakisha.

3.3.4 Iringi yesitulo sokupakisha kunye nedlala lokupakisha kufuneka licoceke kwaye lingabi nomhlwa. Ibhokisi yokufaka izinto kufuneka icoceke kwaye igudileyo. Umsantsa phakathi kwentonga yesango kunye nendandatho yokuhlala kufuneka ibe ngu-0.1-0.3 mm, kunye nobuninzi obungekho ngaphezu kwe-0.5 mm. I-gap phakathi kwe-gland yokupakisha, i-periphery yangaphandle yendandatho yokuhlala kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi lwebhokisi lokupakisha kufuneka libe ngu-0.2-0.3 mm, kunye nobuninzi obungekho ngaphezu kwe-0.5 mm.

3.3.5 Emva kokuba i-hinge bolts iqinisiwe, i-plate yoxinzelelo kufuneka ihlale iphantsi kwaye amandla okuqinisa kufuneka afane. Umngxuma ongaphakathi wedlala lokupakisha kunye nokucima okujikeleze isiqu sevalve kufuneka kuhambelane. I-gland yokupakisha kufuneka icinezelwe kwigumbi lokupakisha ukuya kwi-1/3 yokuphakama kwayo.

3.4 Umphezulu wokutywina:

3.1 Kaninzi.

3.4.2 Xa udibanisa idiski yevalve yovavanyo, undoqo wevalve kufuneka ube yi-5-7 mm ngaphezu kwesitulo sevalvu emva kokuba idiski yevalvu ifakwe kwisitulo sevalvu ukuqinisekisa ukuvaleka okuqinileyo.

3.4.3 Xa udibanisa iidiski ze-valve ekhohlo nasekunene, ukuzilungisa kufuneka kube bhetyebhetye, kwaye isixhobo esichasene ne-drop kufuneka sichane kwaye sithembeke. 3.5 I-Stem nut:

3.5.1 Umsonto we-bushing wangaphakathi kufuneka uphelele, ngaphandle kwamabhanti aphukileyo okanye angahleliweyo, kwaye ukulungiswa kunye negobolondo kufuneka kube yinto ethembekileyo kwaye ingakhululeki.

3.5.2 Onke amacandelo eebheringi kufuneka angaguquki kwaye ajikeleze ngokuguquguqukayo. Akufanele kubekho iintanda, i-rust, isikhumba esinzima kunye nezinye iziphene phezu kwemikhono yangaphakathi nangaphandle kunye neebhola zetsimbi.

3.5.3 I-disc spring kufuneka ingabikho kwiintanda kunye ne-deformation, ngaphandle koko kufuneka itshintshwe. 3.5.4 Izikrufu zokulungisa kumphezulu wendongomane yokutshixa kufuneka zingakhululeki. I-valve stem nut ijikeleza ngokuguquguqukayo kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba kukho i-axial clearance engekho ngaphezu kwe-0.35 mm.