A ivalve yesangosisivalufa senjongo-jikelele esetyenziswa ngokubanzi eqhelekile. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-metallurgical, ulondolozo lwamanzi, kunye namanye amacandelo. Imarike iluvumile uluhlu lwayo olubanzi lokusebenza. Kunye nophononongo lwevalvu yesango, kukwaqhuba uphando olunzulu ngendlela yokusebenzisa kunye nokusombulula ingxaki iivalvu zesango.

Oku kulandelayo yinkcazo ebanzi yoyilo lweevalvu zesango, ukusetyenziswa, ukulungisa iingxaki, ukulawula umgangatho, kunye nezinye iimpawu.

isakhiwo

Ivalve yesangoUlwakhiwo lubandakanya ipleyiti yesango kunye nesihlalo sevalve, ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalve. Izinto ezisisiseko zevalve yesango ziquka umzimba wayo, isihlalo, ipleyiti yesango, isiqu, ibhonethi, ibhokisi yokupakisha, idlala lokupakisha, i-stem nut, ivili lesandla, njalo njalo. Ubungakanani betshaneli bungatshintsha kwaye itshaneli inokuvalwa ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela indawo ehambelana nayo yesango kunye nesitulo sevalve. Umphezulu wokukhwelana wepleyiti yesango kunye nesitulo sevalve siphantsi ukwenzela ukuba ivelufa yesango ivale ngokuqinileyo.

Iivalvu zesangoinokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: uhlobo lweweji kunye nohlobo olunxuseneyo, olusekwe kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo seevalvu zesango.

Isango elimise okwe-wedge le-wedge gate ivalve seals (ivale), kusetyenziswa umsantsa omise okwe-wedge phakathi kwesango kunye nesihlalo sevalve, esenza i-oblique angle kunye nomgca osembindini wetshaneli. Kuyenzeka ukuba ipleyiti ye wedge ibe nenkunzi enye okanye ezimbini.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeevalvu zesango ezihambelanayo: ezinendlela yokwandisa kunye nezingenayo, kunye neendawo zokutywina zixhomekeke kumgca ophakathi wesiteshi kwaye zihambelana enye kwenye. Kukho iinkunzi zeegusha eziphindwe kabini ezinesixhobo sokunabisa. Imiqukumbelo yeenkunzi zeegusha ezimbini ezinxuseneyo zolula kwisitulo sevalve ngokuchasene nethambeka ukuthintela umjelo wokuhamba njengoko iinkunzi zegusha zisihla. Iincam kunye namasango aya kuvuleka xa iinkunzi zeegusha ziphakama. I-wedge ixhaswa ngumphathi kwi-plate yesango, ephakama ukuya kubude obunikeziweyo kwaye ihlukanise indawo ehambelanayo yeplate. Isango eliphindwe kabini ngaphandle kwesixhobo sokwandisa lisebenzisa uxinzelelo lolwelo ukunyanzela isango ngokuchasene nomzimba wevalvu kwicala lokuphuma levalvu ukuze kuvalwe ulwelo xa lutyibilika kwisitulo sevalve ecaleni kwemiphezulu yezihlalo ezinxuseneyo.

Iivalve zesango zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini: iivalvu zesango ezinyukayo kunye nezigqubuthelo zeengcango zesango ngokusekelwe kwindlela isikhondo sevalve esihamba ngayo xa isango livulwa kwaye livalwa. Xa ivalve yesango enyukayo ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe, ipleyiti yesango kunye nesiqu sevalvu zombini ziyaphakama kwaye ziwe ngaxeshanye. Ngokwahlukileyo, xa i-valve yesango efihliweyo ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe, iplate yesango ivele iphakame kwaye iwe kwaye i-valve stem ijikeleze kuphela. Inzuzo ye-valve ye-valve yesango lokunyuka kukuba ukuphakama okubanjwe kungancitshiswa ngelixa ukuphakama kokuvula umjelo kunokumiselwa ngokunyuka kokuphakama kwe-valve stem.Vala i-valve ngokujikeleza i-handwheel okanye ubambe i-counterclockwise ngelixa ujongene nayo.

Imigaqo yokukhetha ivalve yesango kunye neemeko

Ivalve yesango emile okwe-V

Izicelo zeevalvu zesango le-slab ziquka:

(1) Ivalve yesango ethe tyaba enemingxuma yokuphambukisa yenza kube lula ukucoca imibhobho ethwele igesi yendalo kunye neoli.

(2) Amaziko okugcina ioli asulungekileyo kunye nemibhobho.

(3) Izixhobo ze-oyile kunye ne-gas extraction port.

(4) Iinkqubo zemibhobho emisiweyo ezaliswe ngamasuntswana.

(5) Umbhobho wokuhambisa igesi yesixeko.

(6) Imibhobho yamanzi.

Indlela yokukhetha ivalve yesango lesilabhu:

(1) Sebenzisa izivalo zesango elinye okanye eliphindwe kabini kwimibhobho ethwala igesi yendalo kunye neoyile. Sebenzisa ivalve yesango enye enesiqu esivulekileyo ivelufa yesango ukuba kuyafuneka ukucoca umbhobho.

(2) Izivalo zesango ezisicaba ezinenkunzi yegusha enye okanye inkunzi yegusha ephindwe kabini ezingenamingxunya ephambukisayo zikhethwa kwimibhobho yokuthutha ioli esulungekisiweyo kunye nezixhobo zokugcina.

(3) Isango elinye okanye iivalvu zesango eliphindwe kabini elinezihlalo ezidadayo ezidadayo kunye nemingxunya ephambukayo zikhethelwa ufakelo lwe-oyile kunye nerhasi yendalo.

(4) Izivalo zesango ezimilise okwemela zikhethelwa imibhobho equlathe amasuntswana osasazo axhonyiweyo.

Sebenzisa isango elinye okanye isango eliphindwe kabini leevalvu zesango elisicaba elivaliweyo elitywiniweyo kwimibhobho yokuhambisa igesi ezidolophini.

(6) Isango elinye okanye iivalvu zesango eliphindwe kabini elineentonga ezivulekileyo kwaye akukho mingxunya yokuphambukisa ikhethwayo kufakelo lwamanzi etephu.

ivalufa yesango le wedge

Iimeko zokusetyenziswa kweevalvu zesango elisikere: Ivalve yesango lolona hlobo lwevalvu lusetyenziswa rhoqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ayinakusetyenziselwa ukulawula okanye ukubethelwa kwaye ifanele ukuvulwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuvala ngokupheleleyo.

Izivalo zesango leWedge zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezineemeko zokusebenza ezinzima kwaye akukho zithintelo zingqongqo kwimilinganiselo yangaphandle yesivalo. Ngokomzekelo, amacandelo okuvala ayimfuneko ukuze kugcinwe ukutywinwa kwexesha elide xa i-medium yokusebenza ikwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe i-valve yesango le-wedge xa ​​iimeko zenkonzo zifuna ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kokutywinwa, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukunqunyulwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu (umehluko omkhulu woxinzelelo), ukunqunyulwa kwengcinezelo ephantsi (umlinganiselo omncinci woxinzelelo), ingxolo ephantsi, i-cavitation kunye ne-vaporization, ukushisa okuphezulu, ukushisa okuphakathi, okanye ukushisa okuphantsi (cryogenic). Amashishini amaninzi asebenzisa unikezelo lwamanzi kunye nobunjineli bokucocwa kwelindle, kubandakanya ishishini lamandla, ukunyibilikiswa kwepetroleum, ishishini lepetrochemical, ioyile ekude nonxweme, uphuhliso lwedolophu, ishishini lemichiza, kunye nezinye.
Inqobo yokukhetha:

(1) Iimfuno zeempawu zolwelo lwevalvu. Iivalvu zesango zikhethelwa ukusetyenziswa apho kukho ukuxhathisa okuncinci kokuhamba, umthamo omkhulu wokuhamba, iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zokuhamba, kunye neemfuno ezingqongqo zokutywinwa.

(2) Isiphakathi esinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu. ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu, ioyile yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lomphunga.

(3) I-cryogenic (ubushushu obuphantsi) obuphakathi. umzekelo ulwelo lwehydrogen, ioksijini elulwelo, ulwelo ammonia, kunye nezinye izinto.

(4) Ubukhulu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi. njengokucocwa kwelindle kunye neendawo zamanzi.

(5) Indawo yofakelo: Khetha ivalve yesango ye-stem wedge efihliweyo ukuba umphakamo wofakelo uyanyanzelwa; khetha ivalve yesango yengca yesiqu ukuba ayinjalo.

(6) Izivalo zeWedge gate zisebenza kuphela xa zinokuvuleka ngokupheleleyo okanye zivalwe ngokupheleleyo; azinakulungiswa okanye zithintelwe.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye noLungiso

imiba yevalvu yesango eqhelekileyo kunye nezizathu zabo

Le miba ilandelayo ivela rhoqo emva kokuba ivalve yesango isetyenzisiwe ngenxa yeempembelelo zobushushu obuphakathi, uxinzelelo, umhlwa, kunye nentshukumo ehambelanayo yeendawo zoqhagamshelwano ezahlukeneyo.

(1) Ukuvuza: Ukuvuza kwangaphandle kunye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi ziindidi ezimbini. Ukuvuza kwangaphandle ligama lokuvuza ngaphandle kwevalve, kwaye ukuvuza kwangaphandle kubonwa rhoqo kwiibhokisi zokuhlohla kunye nokudibanisa kwe-flange.

Idlala lokupakisha likhululekile; umphezulu wesiqu sevalve ukhutshiwe; uhlobo okanye umgangatho wokugrumba awanelisi imigangatho; into yokugalela iyaguga okanye isiqu sevalve sonakele.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo zingabangela ukuvuza kwidibansi ye-flange: ukungonelanga kwe-gasket impahla okanye ubungakanani; umgangatho ombi wokutywinwa komphezulu wokwenziwa kweflange; iibholiti zokudibanisa ngokungafanelekanga; umbhobho olungiselelwe ngokungekho ngqiqweni; kunye nomthwalo ongaphezulu ongaphezulu owenziwe kumdibaniso.

Izinto ezibangela ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwesivalo zibandakanya: Ukuvuza kwangaphakathi okubangelwa kukuvalwa ngokucotha kwevalve kubangelwa ngumonakalo wokuvala umphezulu wevalve okanye ingcambu exegayo yeringi yokutywina.

(1) Umzimba wevalve, ibhonethi, isiqu sevalve, kunye nomphezulu wokutywina weflange zikholisa ukujongwa kukumhlwa. Isenzo se-medium kunye ne-ion ikhupha kwii-fillers kunye ne-gaskets yizona zizathu eziphambili zokubola.

(2) Imikrwelo: Ukwenziwa rhabaxa kwendawo okanye ukuxobula umphezulu okwenzekayo xa isitulo sevalve kunye nesango zishukuma ngokunxulumana enye kwenye ngelixa zidibana.

Ukugcinwa kwevalve yesango

(1) Ukulungisa ukuvuza kwevalve yangaphandle

Ukuthintela i-gland ukuba ingaguquki kwaye ishiye isithuba sokudibanisa, iibholithi ze-gland kufuneka zilungelelaniswe ngaphambi kokuxinzelela ukupakisha. Ukuthintela ukuchaphazela ukujikeleza kwe-valve stem, kubangela ukuba ukupakisha kuguge ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokunciphisa ubomi benkonzo yokupakisha, i-valve stem kufuneka ijikelezwe ngelixa icinezela ukupakisha ukwenza ukupakisha okujikelezayo kunye nokuthintela uxinzelelo ekubeni luqine kakhulu. . Umphezulu wesikhondo sevalve uyakhuhlwa, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba eliphakathi liphumele ngaphandle. Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa, i-valve stem kufuneka icutshungulwe ukususa imikrwelo kumphezulu wayo.

Ukuba i-gasket yonakalisiwe, kufuneka itshintshwe. Ukuba izinto ze-gasket zikhethwe ngokungafanelekanga, into enokuthi ihlangabezane neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kufuneka ikhethwe. Ukuba umgangatho wokusetyenzwa komphezulu weflange wokutywina uphantsi, umphezulu kufuneka ususwe kwaye ulungiswe. Ide ibe ifanelekile, umphezulu wokutywina we-flange uyaphinda usetyenzwe kwakhona.

Ukongeza, ukuqiniswa kwebholithi yeflange okwaneleyo, ukwakhiwa kwemibhobho efanelekileyo, kunye nokuphepha uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo olugqithisileyo kuqhagamshelo lweflange lukwaluncedo ekuthinteleni ukuvuza koqhagamshelo lweflange.

(2) Ukulungisa ivalve yangaphakathi evuzayo

Xa umsesane wokutywina ubotshelelwa kwipleyiti yevalve okanye isihlalo ngokucinezela okanye ukuthunga, ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kubandakanya ukususa indawo yokutywina eyonakeleyo kunye nengcambu ekhululekileyo yeringi yokutywina. Akukho mcimbi ngengcambu okanye ukuvuza ukuba indawo yokutywina iphathwa ngokukhawuleza kumzimba wevalvu kunye nepleyiti yevalvu.

Ukuba indawo yokutywina icutshungulwa ngokuthe ngqo kumzimba wevalve kwaye indawo yokutywina yonakaliswe kakhulu, indawo yokutywina eyonakalisiweyo kufuneka isuswe kuqala. Ukuba umphezulu wokutywina wenziwa ngomsesane wokutywina, umsesane omdala kufuneka ususwe kwaye umsesane omtsha wokutywina kufuneka unikwe. Iringi entsha yokutywina kufuneka ikhutshwe, kwaye indawo esetyenziweyo kufuneka icolwe ibe yindawo entsha yokutywina. Ukusila kunokususa iimpazamo kumphezulu wokutywina ongaphantsi kwe-0.05mm ngobukhulu, kubandakanywa imikrwelo, amaqhuma, ukutyumza, izibonda, kunye nezinye iziphene.

Ingcambu yeringi yokutywina kulapho kuqala ukuvuza. Iteyiphu yeTetrafluoroethylene okanye ipeyinti engqindilili emhlophe kufuneka isetyenziswe kwisitulo sevalve okanye emazantsi eringi yeringi yokutywina xa ilungisiwe ngokucinezela. Xa umsesane wokutywina uthungelwa, iteyiphu ye-PTFE okanye ipeyinti engqindilili emhlophe kufuneka isetyenziswe phakathi kwemisonto ukuyekisa ulwelo ekuvuzeni phakathi kwemisonto.

(3) Ukulungisa iivalvu ezidlekileyo

Isiqu sevalve sihlala sinemingxuma, kodwa umzimba wevalve kunye nebhonethi zikholisa ukugxwa ngumhlwa. Iimveliso ze-corrosion kufuneka zipheliswe ngaphambi kokulungiswa. Ukuba isiqu sevalve sinemingxuma yokufaka imingxuma, kufuneka senziwe ngomatshini ukuze kususwe ukudakumba emva koko sizaliswe ngezinto eziza kuthi zikhuphe kancinci ekuhambeni kwexesha. Kungenjalo, isigcwalisi kufuneka sicocwe ngamanzi adityanisiweyo ukulahla nayiphi na into yokuzalisa enokwenzakalisa isiqu sevalve. ion ezonakalisayo.

(4) Ukubamba ii-dings kwindawo yokutywina

Zama ukunqanda ukukrwela indawo yokutywina ngelixa usebenzisa ivalve, kwaye ulumke ungayivali ngetorque eninzi. Ukugaya kunokususa imikrwelo kwindawo yokutywina.

Ukuphonononga iivalvu zesango ezine

Izivalo zentsimbi zenza icandelo elibalulekileyo lemarike kunye neemfuno zabasebenzisi kule mihla. Kufuneka ube nolwazi ngokuhlolwa komgangatho wemveliso kunye nemveliso ngokwayo ukuze ube ngumhloli ophumelelayo womgangatho wemveliso.

izinto zokuhlolwa kwevalvu yesango yentsimbi

Iimpawu, ubuncinci bodonga lobunzima, iimvavanyo zoxinzelelo, iimvavanyo zeqokobhe, njl njl. zizinto eziphambili. Ubunzima bodonga, uxinzelelo, kunye novavanyo lweqokobhe ziphakathi kwazo kwaye zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokuhlola. Iimveliso ezingafanelekanga zinokuvavanywa ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kukho naziphi na izinto ezingafanelekanga.

Ngamafutshane, kuyacaca ukuba ukuhlolwa komgangatho wemveliso lelona nqanaba libalulekileyo lohlolo olupheleleyo lwemveliso. Kuphela ngokuqonda ngokucokisekileyo izinto ezihloliweyo sinokuthi senze umsebenzi ongcono wokuhlola. Njengabasebenzi abaphambili abahlolayo, kunyanzelekile ukuba siqhubeke siphucula umgangatho wethu.