2.5 Ivalve yokuplaga

Ivalve yokuplaga yivalve esebenzisa umzimba weplagi onemingxuma ephumela njengenxalenye yokuvula neyokuvala, kunye nomzimba weplagi ujikeleza ngesikhondo sevalve ukufikelela ukuvuleka nokuvala.I-valve yeplagi inesakhiwo esilula, ukuvula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuvala, ukusebenza okulula, ukuchasana kwamanzi amancinci, iindawo ezimbalwa kunye nobunzima obulula.Iivalve zeplagi ziyafumaneka kwiindlela ezithe tye, ezintathu kunye neendlela ezine.I-valve yeplagi echanekileyo isetyenziselwa ukunqumla i-medium, kwaye i-valve yeplagi yeendlela ezintathu kunye neendlela ezine zisetyenziselwa ukutshintsha indlela ephakathi okanye ukuguqula i-medium.

2.6Ivalve yebhabhathane

Ivalve yebhabhathane yipleyiti yebhabhathane ejikeleza i-90 ° ijikeleze i-axis esisigxina kumzimba wevalvu ukugqiba umsebenzi wokuvula nokuvala.Iivalve zebhabhathane zincinci ngobungakanani, zilula ngobunzima kwaye zilula ngolwakhiwo, zineenxalenye ezimbalwa kuphela.

Kwaye inokuvulwa kwaye ivalwe ngokukhawuleza ngokujikeleza nje i-90 °, ekulula ukuyisebenzisa.Xa ivalve yebhabhathane ikwindawo evuleke ngokupheleleyo, ubukhulu bepleyiti yebhabhathane bubuxhakaxhaka kuphela xa i-medium iqukuqela kumzimba wevalve.Ngoko ke, ukuhla koxinzelelo okwenziwa yi-valve kuncinci kakhulu, ngoko kunempawu zokulawula ukuhamba kakuhle.Iivalve zebhabhathane zohlulwe zibe zintlobo ezimbini zokutywina: itywina elithambileyo elithambileyo kunye nentsimbi eqinileyo yokutywina.Ivalve yokutywina ethambileyo, umsesane wokutywina unokufakwa kumzimba wevalvu okanye uncanyathiselwe kumda wepleyiti yebhabhathane.Inomsebenzi wokutywina kakuhle kwaye ingasetyenziselwa i-throttling, imibhobho yevacuum ephakathi kunye nemidiya ebolileyo.Iivalvu ezinezitywina zetsimbi zinobomi obude benkonzo kuneevalvu ezinamatywina anwebekayo, kodwa kunzima ukufezekisa ukutywinwa okupheleleyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kwiimeko apho ukuhamba kunye nokuhla koxinzelelo kutshintsha kakhulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-throttling kuyadingeka.Izitywina zentsimbi ziyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza, ngelixa izitywina ezinwebekayo zinento engalunganga yokunqandwa bubushushu.

2.7Khangela ivalve

Ivalve yokutshekisha yivalve enokuthi ithintele ngokuzenzekelayo ukujikeleza kolwelo.I-disc ye-valve yokukhangela ivula phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lwe-fluid, kwaye i-fluid igeleza ukusuka kwicala lokungena ukuya kwicala lokuphuma.Xa uxinzelelo kwicala lokungena liphantsi kunecala lokuphuma, i-disc ye-valve ivala ngokuzenzekelayo phantsi kwesenzo sokwahlukana koxinzelelo lwe-fluid, ubunzima bayo kunye nezinye izinto zokuthintela ulwelo ukuba lubuyele umva.Ngokwefomu yesakhiwo, inokwahlulwa ibe yivalve yokujonga i-lift kunye ne-swing check valve.Uhlobo oluphakamisayo lunotywinwa olungcono kunye nokumelana okukhulu kwamanzi kunohlobo lwe-swing.Xa kungenelwa umbhobho wokufunxa wempompo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ivalve esezantsi.Umsebenzi wayo kukugcwalisa umbhobho wokungena kwempompo ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba uqale impompo;emva kokumisa impompo, gcina umbhobho wokungena kunye nomzimba wempompo ozaliswe ngamanzi ukulungiselela ukuqala kwakhona.Ivalve esezantsi ifakwe ngokubanzi kuphela kumbhobho othe nkqo kwindawo yokungena impompo, kwaye i-medium ihamba ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu.

2.8Ivalve ye-diaphragm

Indawo evulayo nevalayo yevalve ye-diaphragm yirabha diaphragm, edityaniswe phakathi komzimba wevalve kunye nesivalo sevalvu.

Inxalenye ephakathi ephumayo ye-diaphragm igxininiswe kwi-valve stem, kwaye umzimba wevalve ufakwe irabha.Ekubeni i-medium ingangeni kwi-cavity yangaphakathi ye-valve cover, i-valve stem ayifuni ibhokisi yokufaka.Ivalve ye-diaphragm inesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina, ukugcinwa lula, kunye nokumelana nolwelo oluphantsi.Iivalvu ze-diaphragm zahlulwe ngohlobo lwe-weir, uhlobo oluthe tye, uhlobo lwe-angle ekunene kunye nohlobo lokuhamba ngokuthe ngqo.

3. Imiyalelo yokukhetha ivalvu esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo

3.1 Imiyalelo yokukhetha ivalve yesango

Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, iivalve zesango kufuneka zikhethwe.Ukongeza kokufanelekileyo kwi-steam, i-oyile kunye neminye imithombo yeendaba, iivalve zesango nazo zifanelekile kumajelo aqulethe i-granular solids kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu, kwaye ifanelekile kwiinkqubo zokukhupha kunye ne-vacuum ephantsi.Kwimidiya equlethe amasuntswana aqinileyo, umzimba wevalve yesango kufuneka uxhotyiswe ngomngxuma omnye okanye emibini yokucoca.Kwimidiya ephantsi yobushushu, i-valve yesango ekhethekileyo yokushisa ephantsi kufuneka ikhethwe.

3.2 Imiyalelo yokukhethwa kweevalvu zokumisa

I-valve yokumisa ifanelekile kwimibhobho eneemfuno ze-lax ekuxhathiseni ulwelo, oko kukuthi, ilahleko yoxinzelelo ayiqwalaselwa kakhulu, kunye nemibhobho okanye izixhobo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lweendaba.Ifanelekile kwi-steam kunye neminye imibhobho ephakathi kunye ne-DN <200mm;iivalve ezincinci zingasebenzisa iivalve ezisikiweyo.Iivalvu, ezifana neevalvu zeenaliti, iivalve zesixhobo, iivalve zesampulu, iivalvu zegeyiji yoxinzelelo, njl.;iivalve zokumisa zinohlengahlengiso lokuhamba okanye uhlengahlengiso loxinzelelo, kodwa ukuchaneka kohlengahlengiso akufuneki, kwaye ububanzi bombhobho buncinci ngokwentelekiso, ngoko ke kufuneka kusetyenziswe ivalve yokumisa okanye ivalve yokuthontsiza;Kwimithombo yeendaba enetyhefu kakhulu, ivalve yokumisa evaliweyo kufuneka isetyenziswe;nangona kunjalo, ivalve yokumisa akufanele isetyenziselwe i-media ene-viscosity ephezulu kunye ne-media equkethe amasuntswana athambekele kwi-sedimentation, kwaye akufanele isetyenziswe njengevalve yokukhupha kunye nevalve kwindlela yokucoca ephantsi.

3.3 Imiyalelo yokukhetha ivalve yebhola

Iivalve zebhola zifanelekile kubushushu obuphantsi, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nemidiya ephezulu ye-viscosity.Uninzi lweevalvu zebhola zingasetyenziswa kumajelo eendaba ngamasuntswana aqinileyo amisiweyo, kwaye nawo angasetyenziswa kwimidiya engumgubo kunye negranular ngokweemfuno zezinto zokutywina;iivalve zebhola ezigcweleyo azifanelekanga kulawulo lokuhamba, kodwa zifanelekile kwizihlandlo ezifuna ukuvulwa nokuvala ngokukhawuleza, ekulula ukuzisebenzisa.Ukunqunyulwa okungxamisekileyo kwiingozi;ngokuqhelekileyo kunconywa kwimibhobho ngokutywinwa kokusebenza ngokungqongqo, ukunxiba, iziteshi zokucutha, ukuvulwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuvala ukunyakaza, i-high-pressure cutoff (umahluko omkhulu woxinzelelo), ingxolo ephantsi, i-gasification phenomenon, i-torque encinci yokusebenza, kunye nokuchasana kwamanzi amancinci.Sebenzisa iivalve zebhola;iivalve zebhola zifanelekile kwizakhiwo zokukhanya, i-low-pressure cut-offs, kunye ne-corrosive media;iivalve zebhola zikwazezona zilungele ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nemidiya ye-cryogenic.Kwiinkqubo zemibhobho kunye nezixhobo ezinobushushu obuphantsi, iivalve zebhola eziphantsi kunye nezivalo zevalve kufuneka zisetyenziswe;khetha Xa usebenzisa ivalve yebhola edadayo, impahla yayo yokuhlala kufuneka ithwale umthwalo webhola kunye nendawo yokusebenza.Iivalve zebhola ezinobubanzi obukhulu zifuna amandla amakhulu ngexesha lokusebenza.Iivalvu zebhola ezine-DN ≥ 200mm kufuneka zisebenzise ukuhanjiswa kwezixhobo zeentshulube;iivalve zebhola ezisisigxina zifanelekile kwiidamitha ezinkulu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu;ukongeza, iivalvu zebhola ezisetyenziswa kwimibhobho yenkqubo yezinto ezinetyhefu kakhulu kunye neendaba ezinokutsha kufuneka zibe nobungqina bomlilo kunye nezakhiwo ezichasene ne-static.

3.4 Imiyalelo yokukhetha ivalve yethrottle

Ivalve ye-throttle ifanelekile kwizihlandlo apho ubushushu obuphakathi buphantsi kwaye uxinzelelo luphezulu.Kufanelekile kwiindawo ezifuna ukulungelelanisa izinga lokuhamba kunye noxinzelelo.Ayifanelekanga kwimidiya ene-viscosity ephezulu kunye neengqungquthela eziqinileyo, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa njenge-valve yokuhlukanisa.

3.5 Imiyalelo yokukhetha ivalvu yokuplaga

Ivalve yokuplaga ifanelekile kwizihlandlo ezifuna ukuvulwa nokuvala ngokukhawuleza.Ngokuqhelekileyo ayifanelekanga kwi-steam kunye nephakathi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu.Isetyenziselwa okuphakathi kunye nobushushu obuphantsi kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu, kwaye ifanelekile kwi-medium kunye namasuntswana amisiweyo.

3.6 Imiyalelo yokukhetha ivalvu yebhabhathane

Iivalve zebhabhathane zifanelekile kwiimeko ezinobubanzi obukhulu (ezifana ne-DN﹥600mm) kunye nobude obufutshane besakhiwo, kunye neemeko apho ulungelelaniso lokuhamba kunye nokuvulwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuvalwa kuyadingeka.Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa amanzi, ioli kunye nemveliso yoxinzelelo kunye namaqondo okushisa ≤80 ° C kunye noxinzelelo ≤1.0MPa.Umoya kunye nezinye imidiya;ngenxa yokuba ilahleko yoxinzelelo lweevalvu zebhabhathane inkulu xa kuthelekiswa neevalvu zesango kunye neevalvu zebhola, iivalve zebhabhathane zifanelekile kwiinkqubo zemibhobho ezineemfuno zokulahleka koxinzelelo oluxekileyo.

3.7 Qwalasela imiyalelo yokukhetha ivalve

Iivalve zokujonga ngokuqhelekileyo zifanelekile kwimidiya ecocekileyo kwaye ayifanelekanga kwimidiya equkethe amaqhekeza aqinileyo kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu.Xa i-DN ≤ 40mm, i-valve yokukhangela i-lift ifanele isetyenziswe (ivunyelwe kuphela ukuba ifakwe kwiipayipi ezinqamlekileyo);xa i-DN = 50 ~ 400mm, i-valve yokukhangela i-swing lift kufuneka isetyenziswe (inokufakwa kwimibhobho yomibini ethe tyaba kunye nethe nkqo, Ukuba ifakwe kumbhobho othe nkqo, ulwalathiso lokuhamba okuphakathi kufuneka lube ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu);xa i-DN ≥ 450mm, ivalve yokukhangela isithinteli kufuneka isetyenziswe;xa i-DN = 100 ~ 400mm, ivalve yokujonga i-wafer nayo ingasetyenziswa;i-valve yokukhangela i-swing I-valve yokubuya ingenziwa ukuba ibe noxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu lokusebenza, i-PN inokufikelela kwi-42MPa, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa kuyo nayiphi na indlela yokusebenza kunye naluphi na ubushushu obusebenzayo ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto zegobolondo kunye nezitywina.I-medium ngamanzi, umphunga, igesi, i-corrosive medium, i-oyile, amayeza, njl njl. Uluhlu lwamaqondo obushushu asebenzayo phakathi -196 ~ 800℃.

3.8 Imiyalelo yokukhetha ivalve yediaphragm

Ivalve ye-diaphragm ifanelekile kwioli, amanzi, imidiya ye-acidic kunye nemidiya equkethe izinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo kunye nokushisa okusebenzayo okungaphantsi kwe-200 ° C kunye noxinzelelo olungaphantsi kwe-1.0MPa.Ayifanelekanga kwi-solvents ye-organic kunye nemidiya enamandla ye-oxidant.Iivalvu ze-diaphragm zohlobo lwe-Weir kufuneka zikhethwe kwimidiya yegranular abrasive.Xa ukhetha ivalve yohlobo lwe-weir diaphragm, bhekisa kwitheyibhile yeempawu zayo zokuhamba;ulwelo lwe-viscous, i-slurries yesamente kunye nemithombo yeendaba ezimanzi kufuneka zisebenzise iivalvu ze-diaphragm ezithe ngqo;ngaphandle kweemfuno ezithile, iivalvu ze-diaphragm akufanele zisetyenziswe kwimibhobho ye-vacuum kunye nezixhobo zokufunxa.