Indlela ivalve yokukhupha esebenza ngayo

Ithiyori ngasemva kwevalve yokukhupha yimpembelelo yolwelo lokunyuka kwebhola kwibhola edadayo. Ibhola edadayo iya kudada ngokwendalo inyukele phezulu ngaphantsi kolwelo njengoko inqanaba lolwelo lwevalvu yokukhupha linyuka de idibane nomphezulu wokutywina wezibuko lokukhupha. Uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo luya kubangela ukuba ibhola ivale ngokwayo. Ibhola iya kuwisa kunye nenqanaba lolwelo xa iivalveumgangatho wolwelo uyancipha. Ngeli xesha, i-exhaust port iya kusetyenziselwa ukujova umthamo omkhulu womoya kwipayipi. I-port yokukhupha ivula ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ivale ngenxa ye-inetia.

Ibhola edadayo ima ezantsi kwesitya xa umbhobho usebenza ukukhupha umoya omninzi. Kwakamsinyane nje ukuba umoya okumbhobho uphele, ulwelo lugxalathelana kwivalve, luqukuqele kwisitya sebhola edadayo, luyityhalele ngasemva ibhola edadayo, ibangele ukuba ibhabhe kwaye ivale. Ukuba isixa esincinci segesi sigxininiswe kwiivalveukuya kumlinganiselo othile ngelixa umbhobho usebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, umgangatho wolwelo kwiivalveiya kuncipha, i-float nayo iya kuncipha, kwaye igesi iya kugxothwa ngaphandle komngxuma omncinci. Ukuba umpompo uyayeka, uxinzelelo olubi luya kuveliswa nangaliphi na ixesha, kwaye ibhola elijikelezayo liya kulahla nanini na, kwaye inani elikhulu lokufunxa liya kwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko lombhobho. Xa i-buoy iphelile, umxhuzulane ubangela ukuba itsalele enye incam yelever phantsi. Ngeli xesha, i-lever i-tilted, kwaye i-gap yenza i-gap kwindawo apho i-lever kunye ne-vent hole zidibana khona. Ngesi sikhewu, umoya uyakhutshwa kumngxuma wokuphuma. ukukhutshwa kubangela ukuba umgangatho wolwelo unyuke, ukunyuka kwe-float buoyancy, indawo yokuvala isiphelo kwi-lever ngokuthe ngcembe icinezela umngxuma wokukhupha ude uvalwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ngeli xesha ivalve yokukhupha ivalwe ngokupheleleyo.

Ukubaluleka kweevalvu zokukhupha

Xa i-buoy iphelile, umxhuzulane ubangela ukuba itsalele enye incam yelever phantsi. Ngeli xesha, i-lever i-tilted, kwaye i-gap yenza i-gap kwindawo apho i-lever kunye ne-vent hole zidibana khona. Ngesi sikhewu, umoya uyakhutshwa kumngxuma wokuphuma. ukukhutshwa kubangela ukuba umgangatho wolwelo unyuke, ukunyuka kwe-float buoyancy, indawo yokuvala isiphelo kwi-lever ngokuthe ngcembe icinezela umngxuma wokukhupha ude uvalwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ngeli xesha ivalve yokukhupha ivalwe ngokupheleleyo.

1. Ukuveliswa kwegesi kuthungelwano lombhobho wonikezelo lwamanzi ikakhulu kubangelwa zezi meko zintlanu zilandelayo. Lo ngumthombo wegesi kuthungelwano lombhobho wokusebenza oqhelekileyo.

(1) Uthungelwano lwemibhobho lunqunyulwe kwiindawo ezithile okanye ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yesizathu esithile;

(2) ukulungisa nokukhupha iindawo ezithile zemibhobho ngokukhawuleza;

(3) Ivalve yokukhupha umbhobho kunye nombhobho awuqini ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela ukutofwa kwerhasi kuba umyinge wokuhamba komsebenzisi omnye okanye abangaphezulu ulungiswa ngokukhawuleza ukudala uxinzelelo olubi kumbhobho;

(4) Ukuvuza kwerhasi engahambiyo;

(5) Irhasi eveliswa ngoxinzelelo olubi lokusebenza ikhutshwa kumbhobho wokufunxa impompo yamanzi kunye ne-impeller.

2. Iimpawu zentshukumo kunye nohlalutyo lwengozi yengxowa yomoya yombhobho wonikezelo lwamanzi:

Indlela ephambili yokugcina igesi kumbhobho kukuhamba kwe-slug, okubhekiselele kwigesi ekhoyo phezulu kumbhobho njenge-discontinuous ezininzi iipokotshi zomoya ezizimeleyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba idayamitha yombhobho wonikezelo lwamanzi yothungelwano iyahluka ukusuka komkhulu ukuya kumncinane kwicala lokuhamba kwamanzi okungundoqo. Umxholo werhasi, ububanzi bombhobho, iimpawu zecandelo lombhobho longitudinal, kunye nezinye izinto zigqiba ubude be-airbag kunye nommandla wamanzi ahlala kuwo. Izifundo zethiyori kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kubonisa ukuba iingxowa zomoya zifuduka kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi ecaleni kombhobho ongaphezulu, zikholisa ukuqokelela malunga nokugoba kwemibhobho, iivalvu, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinobubanzi obahlukeneyo, kwaye zivelise ukujikeleza koxinzelelo.

Ubunzima benguqu kwisantya sokuhamba kwamanzi buya kuba nefuthe elibonakalayo ekunyukeni koxinzelelo olwenziwa yintshukumo yegesi ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokungaqiniseki kwisantya sokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nolwalathiso kwinethiwekhi yombhobho. Iimvavanyo ezifanelekileyo zibonise ukuba uxinzelelo lwayo lunokwenyuka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2Mpa, eyaneleyo ukwaphula imibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi eqhelekileyo. Kukwabalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo kwibhodi kuchaphazela ukuba zingaphi iingxowa zomoya ezihambayo nangaliphi na ixesha kuthungelwano lwemibhobho. Oku kwandisa utshintsho loxinzelelo kumanzi azaliswe yigesi, kwandisa amathuba okugqabhuka kwemibhobho.

Umxholo wegesi, ukwakhiwa kwemibhobho, kunye nokusebenza zizo zonke izinto ezichaphazela ubungozi begesi kwimibhobho. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zeengozi: ezicacileyo kwaye zifihliwe, kwaye zombini zinezi mpawu zilandelayo:

Oku kulandelayo ngokuyintloko ziingozi ezicacileyo

(1) Umbhobho oqinileyo wenza kube nzima ukukhupha amanzi
Xa amanzi kunye negesi zidibene, izibuko elikhulu lokukhupha ivalve yohlobo lwe-float exhaust ayenzi msebenzi kwaye ixhomekeke kuphela kwi-micropore exhaust, ebangela "ukuvaleka komoya," apho umoya ungenako ukukhutshwa, ukuhamba kwamanzi akuhambi kakuhle, kwaye umjelo wokuhamba kwamanzi uvaliwe. Ummandla onqamlezayo uyacutheka okanye uphele, ukuhamba kwamanzi kuphazamisekile, amandla enkqubo yokujikeleza ulwelo ayancipha, isantya sokuhamba kwendawo siyenyuka, kwaye ilahleko yentloko yamanzi iphakama. Ipompo yamanzi kufuneka yandiswe, eya kubiza ngakumbi ngokwemiqathango yamandla kunye nokuthutha, ukuze kugcinwe umthamo wokuqala wokujikeleza okanye intloko yamanzi.

(2) Ngenxa yokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokugqabhuka kwemibhobho okubangelwa ngumbhobho womoya ongalinganiyo, inkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi ayikwazi ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ngenxa yomthamo wevalve yokukhupha igesi yokukhupha isixa esincinci, imibhobho ihlala igqabhuka. Uxinzelelo loqhushumbo lwerhasi oluziswe yi-subpar exhaust lungafikelela kwi-20 ukuya kwi-40 atmospheres, kwaye amandla ayo atshabalalisayo alingana noxinzelelo lwe-static lwe-40 ukuya kwi-40 atmospheres, ngokutsho koqikelelo olufanelekileyo lwethiyori. Nawuphi na umbhobho osetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngamanzi unokutshatyalaliswa luxinzelelo lwe-80 atmosphere. Kwaneyona ntsimbi iqine kakhulu esetyenziswa kubunjineli inokonakala. Ukudubula kwemibhobho kwenzeka ngalo lonke ixesha. Imizekelo yoku iquka umbhobho wamanzi oziikhilomitha ezingama-91 ubude kwisixeko esikuMntla-mpuma weTshayina ogqabhuke emva kweminyaka emininzi yokusetyenziswa. Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-108 imibhobho eqhumayo, kwaye izazinzulu ezivela kwiShenyang Institute of Construction and Engineering zagqiba emva koviwo ukuba yayilugqabhuko-dubulo lwerhasi. Kuphela ziimitha ezingama-860 ubude kunye nobubanzi bombhobho oziimilimitha ezili-1200, umbhobho wamanzi wesixeko esisemazantsi ugqabhuke ukuya kutsho izihlandlo ezithandathu ngonyaka omnye usebenza. Isigqibo yayikukuba igesi ephumayo yayibekek’ ityala. Kuphela ukuqhuma komoya okulethwe ngumbhobho wamanzi obuthathaka ophuma kwixabiso elikhulu lokukhupha kunokubangela ingozi kwivalve. Umba ongundoqo wokuqhuma kombhobho ekugqibeleni usonjululwe ngokutshintsha i-exhaust kunye ne-valve yokukhupha i-high-speed exhaust valve enokuqinisekisa ubungakanani obukhulu bokukhupha.

3) Isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi kunye noxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo kumbhobho luhlala lutshintsha, iiparamitha zenkqubo azinzanga, kwaye ukungcangcazela okubalulekileyo kunye nengxolo inokuvela ngenxa yokukhululwa okuqhubekayo komoya onyibilikisiweyo emanzini kunye nokwakhiwa okuqhubekayo kunye nokwandiswa komoya. iipokotho.

(4) I-corrosion ye-metal surface iya kukhawuleziswa ngokutshintshela umoya kunye namanzi.

(5) Umbhobho wenza ingxolo engathandekiyo.

Iingozi ezifihliweyo ezibangelwa kukuqengqeleka kakubi

I-1 Ukulawulwa kokuhamba okungachanekanga, ukulawulwa okungachanekanga ngokuzenzekelayo kwemibhobho, kunye nokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo zokukhusela ukhuseleko kunokubangelwa ukukhupha okungalinganiyo;

2 Kukho okunye ukuvuza kwemibhobho;

3 Inani lokusilela kwemibhobho liyenyuka, kwaye ukothuka kwexesha elide oluqhubekayo loxinzelelo luwohloka amalungu emibhobho kunye neendonga, okukhokelela kwimiba ebandakanya ubomi obufutshane benkonzo kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zokuyilungisa;

Uphando oluninzi lwethiyori kunye nezicelo ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo zibonise indlela ekulula ngayo ukwenzakalisa umbhobho wonikezelo lwamanzi oluxinzelelo xa ubandakanya irhasi eninzi.

Ibhulorho yehamile yamanzi yeyona nto iyingozi kakhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kuya kunciphisa ubomi obuluncedo bodonga, kwenze ukuba lube brittle ngakumbi, lwandise ukulahleka kwamanzi, kwaye lunokubangela ukuba umbhobho uqhume. Ukuphuma kwemibhobho ngowona mba uphambili obangela ukuvuza kwemibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi ezidolophini, ngoko ke ukulungisa lo mba kubalulekile. Kukukhetha ivalve yokukhupha enokuthi iphelelwe kwaye igcine igesi kumbhobho wokukhupha ongezantsi. I-valve yokukhupha i-high-speed exhaust ngoku iyanelisa iimfuno.

Iibhoyila, izifudumezi-moya, imibhobho ye-oyile nerhasi, unikezelo lwamanzi kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi, kunye nothutho oluludaka oluhamba umgama omde zonke zifuna ivalve yokukhupha umbhobho, eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo encedisayo kwinkqubo yemibhobho. Ihlala ifakelwa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo okanye ezingqinibeni zokucoca umbhobho werhasi eyongezelelweyo, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemibhobho, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeevalve zokukhupha

Isixa somoya onyibilikisiweyo emanzini siqhelekile malunga ne-2VOL%. Umoya ugxothwa ngokuqhubekayo emanzini ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwaye uqokelela kwindawo ephezulu yombhobho ukwenza ipokotho yomoya (AIR POCKET), esetyenziselwa ukwenza ukuhanjiswa. Ukukwazi kwesixokelelwano ukuthutha amanzi kunokwehla malunga ne-5-15% njengoko amanzi esiba nzima kakhulu. Eyona njongo yale valve yokukhupha umoya kukuphelisa i-2VOL% yomoya onyityisiweyo, kwaye inokufakelwa kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo, imibhobho yokuvelisa, kunye nezikhululo zokumpompa ezincinci ukukhusela okanye ukomeleza ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi kwenkqubo kunye nokugcina amandla.

Umzimba wevalve ye-oval ye-lever enye (I-SIMPLE LEVER TYPE) ivalve encinci yokukhupha iyathelekiseka. Ubungakanani bomngxunya oqhelekileyo wokukhupha isetyenziswe ngaphakathi, kwaye amacandelo angaphakathi, abandakanya i-float, i-lever, i-lever frame, isihlalo se-valve, njl., Zonke zakhiwe nge-304S.S yensimbi engenasici kwaye zifanelekile kwiimeko zoxinzelelo lokusebenza ukuya kwi-PN25.