UKUSETYENZISWA kwevalvu

Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zenkqubo yokuqokelelwa kwamanzi eyilwe ngokufanelekileyo, iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu zisetyenziswa. Balawula apho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamanzi zinokuya kwaye zingenako ukuya khona. Izinto zokwakha ziyahluka ngokwemigaqo yendawo, kodwa i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), insimbi engenasici, kunye nobhedu / ubhedu zezona ziqhelekileyo.

Xa sele nditshilo, kukho imida. Iiprojekthi ezichongiweyo ukuhlangabezana ne "Living Building Challenge" zifuna imigangatho engqongqo yokwakha eluhlaza kunye nokuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwePVC kunye nezinye izinto ezithathwa njengengozi kwindalo ngenxa yeenkqubo zokuvelisa okanye iindlela zokulahla.

Ukongeza kwizinto eziphathekayo, kukho ukhetho loyilo kunye nohlobo lwevalve. Inxalenye yeli nqaku ijonga kuyilo lwenkqubo yokuqokelela amanzi emvula aqhelekileyo kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu kuyilo ngalunye.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela amanzi aqokelelweyo aya kusetyenziswa ngayo kwakhona kunye nendlela iikhowudi zemibhobho yendawo ezisetyenziswa ngayo ziya kuchaphazela uhlobo lwesivalo esisetyenzisiweyo. Enye into eyinyani eqwalaselwayo kukuba umthamo wamanzi akhoyo ukuze uqokelelwe usenokunganeli ukuhlangabezana ne-100% yeemfuno zokuphinda zisetyenziswe. Kule meko, amanzi asekhaya (amanzi okusela) anokufakwa kwinkqubo yokwenza ukusilela.

Eyona nkxalabo iphambili yee-arhente zolawulo lwempilo yoluntu kunye nemibhobho kukwahlula imithombo yamanzi asekhaya ekudityanisweni kwamanzi aqokelelweyo kunye nokungcoliseka okunokubakho kwamanzi okusela asekhaya.

UKUGCINA/UKUCOCA

Itanki yamanzi yemihla ngemihla ingasetyenziselwa ukugungxula izindlu zangasese kunye nezikhongozeli zokubulala iintsholongwane ukulungiselela ukufakwa kwezicelo ezongezelelweyo kwinqaba yokupholisa. Kwiinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela, kuqhelekile ukumpompa amanzi ngokuthe ngqo kwidama ukuze aphinde asetyenziswe. Kule meko, amanzi angena ngokuthe ngqo kwisinyathelo sokugqibela sokucoca kunye nococeko ngaphambi kokushiya abafafazi benkqubo yokunkcenkceshela.

Iivalve zebhola zidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuqokelela amanzi ngenxa yokuba zinokuvula kwaye zivale ngokukhawuleza, zibe nokusabalalisa okupheleleyo kwe-port kunye nokulahlekelwa kwengcinezelo ephantsi. Uyilo oluhle luvumela izixhobo ukuba zibe zodwa ukuze zigcinwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa inkqubo yonke. Umzekelo, umkhuba oqhelekileyo kukusebenzisaiivalve zebholakwimilomo yetanki ukulungisa izixhobo ezisezantsi ngaphandle kokuchitha itanki. Ipompo ine-valve yokuhlukanisa, evumela ukuba ipompo ilungiswe ngaphandle kokukhupha yonke imibhobho. Ivalve yokuthintela ukuphuma ngasemva (khangela ivalve) iphinda isetyenziswe kwinkqubo yodwa (Umfanekiso 3).

UKUTHINTELWA OKUNGCOLA/UNYANGO

Ukuthintela ukubuya umva yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yayo nayiphi na inkqubo yokuqokelela amanzi. Iivalvu zokujonga i-Spherical check valves zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela umva wombhobho xa impompo ivaliwe kwaye uxinzelelo lwenkqubo lulahlekile. Iivalvu zokukhangela zikwasetyenziselwa ukuthintela amanzi asekhaya okanye amanzi aqokelelweyo ukuba angabuyeli ngasemva, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba amanzi angcoliseke okanye ahlasele apho kungekho mntu uwafunayo.

Xa impompo yokulinganisa ifaka iklorine okanye iikhemikhali zedayi eluhlaza kumgca ocinezelekileyo, kusetyenziswa ivalve encinci yokujonga ebizwa ngokuba yi-injection valve.

I-wafer enkulu okanye i-valve yokujonga i-disc isetyenziswe kunye nenkqubo yokuphuphuma kwitanki yokugcina ukuthintela ukubuya umva komjelo ophantsi komhlaba ohambisa amanzi amdaka kunye nokungena kweempuku kwinkqubo yokuqokelela amanzi.

I-17 sum water fig5 Izivalo zebhabhathane ezisebenza ngesandla okanye ngombane zisetyenziswa njengezivalo zokuvala imibhobho emikhulu (Umfanekiso 5). Kwizicelo eziphantsi komhlaba, iivalve zebhabhathane ezisebenza ngegiya zisetyenziselwa ukuvala ukuhamba kwamanzi kwitanki yamanzi, enokuthi ibambe amakhulu amawaka eegaloni zamanzi, ukuze impompo ekwiqula elimanzi ilungiswe ngokukhuselekileyo nangokulula. . Ukwandiswa kwe-shaft kuvumela ukulawula iivalve ngaphantsi kwe-slope ukusuka kwinqanaba le-slope.

Abanye abayili bakwasebenzisa iivalve zebhabhathane zohlobo lwelug, ezinokususa imibhobho esezantsi, ukuze ivalve ibe yivalve yokuvala. Ezi zivalo zebhabhathane zibotshelelwe kwiiflange zokukhwelana kumacala omabini evalve. (Ivalve yebhabhathane yeWafer ayiwuvumeli lo msebenzi). Qaphela ukuba kwi-Figure 5, i-valve kunye nokwandiswa kufumaneka kwiqula elimanzi, ngoko i-valve inokunikezelwa ngaphandle kwebhokisi yevalve.

Xa izicelo zomgangatho ophantsi ezifana nokuphuma kwetanki yamanzi kufuneka ziqhube ivalve, ivalve yombane ayiyonto inokwenziwa kuba i actuator yombane ihlala isilela xa kukho amanzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iivalve ze-pneumatic zihlala zikhutshelwa ngaphandle ngenxa yokunqongophala kokunikezelwa komoya. Iivalvu ze-hydraulic (hydraulic) actuated valves zidla ngokuba sisisombululo. I-solenoid yokulinga yombane ebekwe ngokukhuselekileyo kufutshane nephaneli yokulawula inokuhambisa amanzi acinezelekileyo kwisixhobo sokwenza umbane esiqhele ukuvaleka, esinokuvula okanye sivale ivalve naxa i-actuator ifakwe emanzini. Kwi-actuator ye-hydraulic, akukho mngcipheko wokuba amanzi adibane ne-actuator, imeko leyo ye-actuator yombane.

ukuququmbela
Iinkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi kwisiza azahlukanga kwezinye iisistim ekufuneka zilawule ukuhamba. Uninzi lwemigaqo esebenza kwiivalvu kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokucocwa kwamanzi ngoomatshini zamkelwe ngokulula ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa zale ntsimi evelayo yoshishino lwamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko umnxeba wokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezizinzileyo usanda yonke imihla, eli shishini linokubaluleka kwishishini levalvu.