Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo kwinkqubo yokuhambisa ulwelo, ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwevalvu kubalulekile kuzinzo nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yonke. Nazi izinto ezineenkcukacha zokugcinwa kwevalvu imihla ngemihla:

Ukuhlolwa kwenkangeleko

1. Coca umphezulu wevalvu

Coca umphezulu wangaphandle wevalvu rhoqo ukuze ususe ukungcola okufana nothuli, ioyile, umhlwa, njl. Sebenzisa ilaphu elicocekileyo nelithambileyo okanye ibrashi yokucoca. Kwiziphako eziqinileyo, ungasebenzisa isepha efanelekileyo, kodwa lumka ungagqwali izinto zevalvu yisepha. Umzekelo, kwiivalvu zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, ungasebenzisa isepha ye-alkaline ethambileyo;kwiivalvu ezineendawo ezipeyintiweyo, khetha isepha engayi konakalisa umphezulu wepeyinti.

Coca ipleyiti yegama levalvu kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ulwazi lwepleyiti yegama lucacile kwaye luyafundeka. Ipleyiti yegama iqulethe ulwazi olubalulekileyo olufana nomzekelo wevalvu, iinkcukacha, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo, kunye nomhla wokuveliswa, ezibaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi efana nokugcinwa, ukulungiswa, kunye nokutshintshwa kwevalvu.

2. Jonga ukuthembeka kwevalvu

Jonga ngononophelo ukuba umzimba wevalvu, isigqubuthelo sevalvu, iflange kunye nezinye iindawo zevalvu zinezikhewu, ukuguguleka okanye iimpawu zokonakala. Iimfantu zinokubangela ukuvuza kwemidiya, kwaye ukuguguleka kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kunye nokusebenza kokutywina kwevalvu. Kwiivalvu zesinyithi esityhidiweyo, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokukodwa ukujonga ukuba kukho ukuvuza okubangelwa ziziphene zokuphosa ezifana nemingxunya yesanti.

Jonga iindawo zoqhagamshelo lwevalvu, njengokuthi ingaba iibholiti ezikuqhagamshelo lweflange zikhululekile, ziyawa okanye zibolile. Iibholiti ezikhululekileyo ziya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kokutywinwa kweflange kwaye kufuneka ziqiniswe ngexesha; iibholiti ezibolile zinokufuna ukutshintshwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka koqhagamshelo. Kwangaxeshanye, jonga ukuba iigaskets ezikwiindawo zoqhagamshelo zilungile na. Ukuba zonakele okanye zindala, kufuneka zitshintshwe ngexesha.

Jonga ukuba iindawo ezisebenzayo zevalvu, ezifana nevili lesandla, isiphatho okanye i-actuator yombane, zonakele, zikhubazekile okanye zilahlekile. Ezi ndawo zibalulekile ekulawuleni ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu. Ukuba yonakele, ivalvu isenokungasebenzi ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, ukonakala kwevili lesandla kunokuthintela umqhubi ekulawuleni ngokuchanekileyo ukuvulwa kwevalvu.

Ukuhlolwa kokutywinwa kwevalvu

1. Ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kwangaphandle

Kwinxalenye yokutywina isiqu sevalvu yevalvu, jonga ukuba kukho ukuvuza okuphakathi na. Ulwelo oluncinci lokufumanisa ukuvuza (njengamanzi anesepha) lunokusetyenziswa lujikeleze isiqu sevalvu ukujonga ukuba kukho amaqamza. Ukuba kukho amaqamza, kuthetha ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwisiciko sevalvu, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukujonga ngakumbi ukuba ukutywina okanye isitywino sonakele okanye mdala. Ukutywina okanye isitywino kunokufuna ukutshintshwa ukuze kusonjululwe ingxaki yokuvuza.

Jonga ukuba kukho ukuvuza na kwindawo yokudibanisa i-flange yevalvu. Ungasebenzisa isixhobo sokubona ukuvuza ukuze ubone ukuba kukho amaqamza aphuma kumphetho we-flange. Kwii-flanges ezinezivuthuvuthu ezincinci, kunokufuneka uqinise iibholithi okanye utshintshe i-gasket ukuze ulungise ukuvuza. Kwiizivuthuvuthu ezinzulu, kufuneka uvale kuqala iivalvu ezisezantsi neziphezulu, ukhuphele i-medium kwipayipi, uze uyilungise.

2. Ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi

Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziswa ukujonga ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwevalvu kunye nendawo yokusebenza. Kwiivalvu zokumisa kunye neevalvu zesango, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kunokugwetywa ngokuvala ivalvu uze ujonge ukuba kukho indawo ehamba amanzi ngaphantsi kwevalvu. Umzekelo, kwinkqubo yamanzi, ungajonga ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwamanzi okanye ukuhla koxinzelelo kwipayipi esezantsi; kwinkqubo yegesi, ungasebenzisa isixhobo sokufumanisa igesi ukubona ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwegesi ngaphantsi.

Kwiivalvu zebhola kunye neevalvu zebhabhathane, ungagweba ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kuqala ngokujonga ukuba isalathisi sendawo sichanekile na emva kokuba ivalvu ivaliwe. Ukuba isalathisi sendawo sibonisa ukuba ivalvu ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kusekho ukuvuza kwe-medium, kunokubakho ingxaki ngetywina phakathi kwebhola okanye ipleyiti yebhabhathane kunye nesihlalo sevalvu. Kubalulekile ukujonga ngakumbi ukuba umphezulu wokutywina wesihlalo sevalvu ugugile, ukrwelwe okanye unamathele kwizinto ezingcolileyo, kwaye ucole okanye utshintshe isihlalo sevalvu ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwevalvu

1. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwevalvu ngesandla

Sebenzisa ivalvu ephathwa ngesandla rhoqo ukujonga ukuba ingaba ivalvu iyakwazi na ukuyivula nokuyivala. Xa uvula kwaye uyivala ivalvu, qaphela ukuba amandla okusebenza ayafana na kwaye kukho naluphi na uxhathiso olubambekileyo okanye olungaqhelekanga. Ukuba umsebenzi unzima, unokubangelwa kukungqubana okukhulu phakathi kwesiqu sevalvu kunye nokupakishwa, izinto zangaphandle ezibambeke emzimbeni wevalvu, okanye umonakalo kwiindawo zevalvu.

Jonga ukuba isalathisi sokuvula ivalvu sichanekile na. Kwiivalvu ezinezibonakaliso zokuvula, ezifana neevalvu ezilawulayo, xa usebenzisa ivalvu, jonga ukuba ukufundwa kwesibonakaliso sokuvula kuyahambelana na nokuvulwa kwayo. Isibonakaliso sokuvula esingachanekanga sinokuchaphazela ulawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi kwinkqubo, kwaye isalathisi kufuneka silinganiswe okanye silungiswe.

Kwiivalvu ezisetyenziswa ngesandla ezisetyenziswa rhoqo, qaphela ukuguguleka kwevili lesandla okanye isiphatho. Iindawo zokusebenza eziguguleke kakhulu zinokuchaphazela indlela ovakalelwa ngayo umqhubi kwaye zibangele nokusebenza okungalawulwayo. Iivalvu okanye iziphatho eziguguleke kakhulu kufuneka zitshintshwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuchaneka kokusebenza kwevalvu.

2. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwevalvu yombane

Jonga ukuba uqhagamshelo lombane lwevalvu yombane luqhelekile na kwaye nokuba iingcingo zonakele, zigugile okanye zikhululekile. Qinisekisa ukuba ukudluliselwa kwesiginali yokulawula ye-actuator yombane kuqhelekile. Ungajonga ukuba ivalvu ingavula, ivale okanye ilungise inqanaba lokuvula ngokuchanekileyo ngokwemiyalelo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yolawulo.

Jonga ukusebenza kwevalvu yombane ngexesha lokusebenza, njengokuthi ingaba isantya sokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu siyahlangabezana na neemfuno, nokuba kukho ukungcangcazela okanye ingxolo engaqhelekanga. Ukungcangcazela okanye ingxolo engaqhelekanga kunokubangelwa kukonakala kwezinto zangaphakathi ze-actuator yombane, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesakhiwo sevalvu okanye ukufakwa okungafanelekanga. Ukuhlolwa okungakumbi kunye nokugcinwa kwevalvu yombane kuyafuneka, kubandakanya ukujonga imeko yokusebenza kwezinto ezifana ne-motor, i-reducer, kunye ne-coupling.

Jonga rhoqo kwaye ulungise iswitshi yomda wokuhamba yevalvu yombane. Iswitshi yomda wokuhamba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokulawula indawo yokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu. Ukuba iswitshi yomda ayisebenzi, inokubangela ukuba ivalvu ivuleke okanye ivale kakhulu, yonakalise ivalvu okanye i-actuator yombane. Ngokulinganisa imisebenzi epheleleyo yokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu, jonga ukuba iswitshi yomda ingawunqumla ngokuchanekileyo na umbane wemoto ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwevalvu.

Ukuthambisa kunye nokugcinwa

1. Ukuhlolwa kweendawo zokuthambisa

Misela iindawo zokuthambisa zevalvu, ngokubanzi kuquka isiqu sevalvu, iibheringi, iigiya kunye nezinye iindawo. Kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu, indawo kunye nenani leendawo zokuthambisa zinokuhluka. Umzekelo, iindawo zokuthambisa eziphambili zeevalvu zesango ziindawo zokunxibelelana phakathi kwesiqu sevalvu kunye nesango kunye nomzila wesikhokelo; iivalvu zebhola kufuneka zithambise iindawo zokunxibelelana phakathi kwebhola kunye nesihlalo sevalvu kunye nesiqu sevalvu.

Jonga ukuba kukho i-lubricant eyaneleyo na kwindawo yokuthambisa. Ukuba i-lubricant ayanelanga, inokubangela ukungqubana okukhulu phakathi kwezinto, okuchaphazela ukusebenza kunye nobomi benkonzo yevalvu. Kwezinye iivalvu ezinee-grease injection ports, unokugweba ukuba i-lubricant kwindawo yokuthambisa yanele na ngokujonga i-grease injection port okanye ukujonga inqanaba le-grease.

2. Khetha igrisi efanelekileyo

Khetha i-lubricant efanelekileyo ngokwemeko yokusebenza yevalvu kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa yiyo. Phantsi kweemeko zobushushu eziqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo, i-grease esekelwe kwi-lithium yi-lubricant esetyenziswa rhoqo ene-lubricant elungileyo kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Kwii-valve kwiindawo zobushushu obuphezulu, i-grease esekelwe kwi-polyurea okanye i-perfluoropolyether enokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu inokukhethwa; kwiindawo zobushushu obuphantsi, kufuneka ii-lubricant ze-ester ezinobushushu obuphantsi obuphezulu.
Kwiindawo zokusebenza ezingcolisa iikhemikhali, ezifana neevalvu kwishishini leekhemikhali, kufuneka kukhethwe ii-lubricants ezichasene nokugqwala. Umzekelo, i-fluoro grease inokumelana nokugqwala kweekhemikhali ezifana nee-asidi ezinamandla kunye nee-alkalis, nto leyo ebonelela ngokuthambisa okusebenzayo kunye nokukhusela iivalvu. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuhambelana kwee-lubricants kunye nezitywino zeevalvu kunye nezinye izinto ze-component kufanele kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo we-component ngenxa yeempawu zeekhemikhali ze-lubricants.

3. Umsebenzi wokuthambisa

Kwiivalvu ezifuna ukuthambisa, zithambise ngokwendlela echanekileyo kunye nomjikelo ochanekileyo. Kwiivalvu ezenziwe ngesandla, ungasebenzisa i-grease gun okanye imbiza yeoyile ukufaka ii-lubricants kwiindawo zokuthambisa. Xa ufaka ii-lubricants, lumka ungajobi kakhulu ukuze uthintele ii-lubricants ukuba zingaphuphumi kwaye zingcolise okusingqongileyo okanye zichaphazele ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwevalvu. Kwiivalvu zombane, ezinye ii-actuators zombane zinenkqubo yazo yokuthambisa, efuna ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokuthambisa. Kwiivalvu zombane ezingenayo inkqubo yazo yokuthambisa, iindawo zokuthambisa zangaphandle kufuneka zithanjiswe ngesandla.

Emva kokuthambisa, sebenzisa ivalvu izihlandlo ezininzi ukuze i-lubricant isasazwe ngokulinganayo phezu kwezixhobo ukuze inike ukusebenza okupheleleyo kwisiphumo sokuthambisa. Kwangaxeshanye, hlamba i-lubricant ephumayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuthambisa ukuze ugcine indawo ejikeleze ivalvu icocekile.

Ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo zevalvu

1. Ukuhlolwa kwesihluzo

Ukuba isihluzo sifakwe phezulu kwevalvu, jonga isihluzo rhoqo ukuze ubone ukuba sivalekile na. Ukuvaleka kwesihluzo kuya kunciphisa ukuhamba kolwelo kwaye konyuse ukulahleka koxinzelelo, okuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwevalvu. Ungagweba ukuba sivalekile na ngokujonga umahluko woxinzelelo kuzo zombini iziphelo zesihluzo. Xa umahluko woxinzelelo udlula umda othile, isihluzo kufuneka sicocwe okanye into yesihluzo kufuneka itshintshwe.

Xa ucoca isihluzo, landela iinkqubo zokusebenza ezichanekileyo ukuze ungonakalisi isikrini sesihluzo okanye ezinye iindawo. Kwezinye izihluzo ezichanekileyo, unokufuna ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca ezikhethekileyo kunye neearhente zokucoca. Emva kokucoca, qiniseka ukuba isihluzo sifakwa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye sivalwe kakuhle.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-pressure gauge kunye ne-safety valve

Jonga ukuba igeyiji yoxinzelelo ekufutshane nevalvu isebenza kakuhle na. Jonga ukuba isalathisi segeyiji yoxinzelelo sinokubonisa ngokuchanekileyo uxinzelelo kwaye nokuba idayali icacile kwaye iyafundeka na. Ukuba isalathisi segeyiji yoxinzelelo siyatsiba, asibuyeli ku-zero, okanye sibonisa ngokuchanekileyo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba izinto zangaphakathi zegeyiji yoxinzelelo zonakele okanye i-sensor yoxinzelelo inempazamo, kwaye igeyiji yoxinzelelo kufuneka ilinganiswe okanye itshintshwe.

Kwiinkqubo ezineevalvu zokhuseleko ezifakiweyo, jonga ukuba ivalvu yokhuseleko ikwimeko eqhelekileyo rhoqo na. Jonga ukuba uxinzelelo lokuvula lwevalvu yokhuseleko luyahlangabezana neemfuno na kwaye ingaba ingavulwa ngokuchanekileyo na kuxinzelelo olumiselweyo ukuze kukhululwe uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo. Ukusebenza kwevalvu yokhuseleko kunokujongwa ngovavanyo lwesandla okanye izixhobo zovavanyo zobungcali. Kwangaxeshanye, jonga ukusebenza kokuvala kwevalvu yokhuseleko ukuze uphephe ukuvuza phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lokusebenza.

Ukugcinwa kweevalvu imihla ngemihla kufuna unonophelo nomonde. Ngokuhlola nokulungisa rhoqo, iingxaki ezinokubakho ngeevalvu zinokufunyanwa kwaye zisonjululwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nto leyo eyandisa ubomi beenkonzo zeevalvu kwaye iqinisekise ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuzinzileyo kwenkqubo yokuhambisa ulwelo.