Taboo 21

Indawo yokuhlohla ayinayo indawo yokusebenza

Amanyathelo: Nokuba ufakelo lunomngeni ekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umsebenzi wexesha elide womsebenzisi ngelixa ubeka indawoivalveyokusebenza. Ukuze wenze ukuvula nokuvala iivalvelula, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke i-valve handwheel ukuze ihambelane nesifuba (ngokuqhelekileyo i-1.2 yeemitha ukusuka kumgangatho wegumbi lokusebenza). Ukuthintela ukusebenza kakubi, ivili lesandla sevalve yokumisa kufuneka lijonge phezulu kwaye lingatyibiliki. Iivalvu zomatshini wodonga kunye nezinye izinto kufuneka zivumele isithuba esaneleyo ukuze umqhubi ame. Kuyingozi kakhulu ukusebenza esibhakabhakeni, ngakumbi xa usebenzisa i-acid-base, imidiya eyingozi, njl.

Taboo 22

Iivalvu ezenziwe ngempembelelo ye-brittle materials

Amanyathelo: Xa uhlohla kwaye usakha, lumka kwaye ukhwebule ekubetheni iivalvu ze-brittle-material. Jonga ivalve, iispekthi, kunye neemodeli phambi kofakelo, kwaye ujonge nawuphi na umonakalo, ngakumbi kwisiqu sevalvu. Isiqu sevalve sibonakele ukuba sijike ngexesha lokuthunyelwa kwenqanawa, ngoko ke sijike amaxesha ambalwa ukujonga ukuba sikhona na. Coca ivalve yayo nayiphi na inkunkuma ngokunjalo. Ukuphepha ukonakalisa ivili lesandla okanye isiqu sevalvu xa uphakamisa ivalve, intambo kufuneka ibotshelelwe kwiflange kunokuba ibe yenye yezi zixhobo. Uqhagamshelo lombhobho wevalve kufuneka lucocwe. Ukususa iitshiphusi zentsimbi ye-oxide, isanti yodaka, i-welding slag, kunye nezinye iindidi, sebenzisa umoya oxinanisiweyo. Amasuntswana amakhulu e-sundries, i-slag ye-welding, inokuthintela iivalve ezincinci kwaye ibenze ingasebenzi ngaphandle kokukrwela ngokulula indawo yokutywina yevalve. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukwakheka kwivalve kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuhamba okuphakathi, ukupakishwa kokutywina (i-hemp yomgca kunye ne-oyile ekhokelayo okanye iteyiphu ye-PTFE yesixhobo ekrwada) kufuneka isongelwe kumsonto wombhobho phambi kokuba uqhoboshele ivalve yesikrufu. Qinisekisa ngokulinganayo kunye ne-symmetrically ukuqinisa iibholithi ngelixa ufaka i-valve ene-flanged.Ukuphepha i-valve ekuveliseni uxinzelelo oluninzi okanye ukuqhuma okunokwenzeka, i-flange yepayipi kunye ne-valve flange kufuneka ihambelane kwaye ibe nomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wokucoca. Izinto ezinqabileyo kunye neevalve zamandla aphantsi zifuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Iivalve ezifakwe kwimibhobho kufuneka zibe ne-spot-welded kuqala, zilandelwa kukuvulwa ngokupheleleyo kwamacandelo okuvala, kwaye ekugqibeleni, i-welding efile.

Taboo 23

Ivalve ayinayo ukugcinwa kobushushu kunye namanyathelo okugcina ukubanda

Amanyathelo: Ezinye iivalvu ziyafuneka ukuba zibandakanye iimpawu zokhuseleko lwangaphandle ukwenzela ubushushu nokubanda. Ngamanye amaxesha umbhobho we-steam ovuthayo wongezwa kwi-insulation layer. Uhlobo lwevalve ekufuneka igcinwe ishushu okanye ibanda ixhomekeke kwiimfuno zemveliso. Ngokwethiyori, ukugcinwa kobushushu okanye ukufunwa kobushushu kuyafuneka ukuba indawo ephakathi ngaphakathi kwevalve iphola kakhulu, nto leyo eya kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso okanye kubangele ukuba ivalve ibe ngumkhenkce. Ngokufanayo, xa i-valve ibonakaliswe, engalunganga kwimveliso okanye ibangela iqabaka kunye nezinye izinto ezingathandekiyo, ivalve kufuneka igcinwe ibanda. Izinto zokugquma ezibandayo ziquka i-cork, i-perlite, i-foam, iplastiki, umhlaba we-diatomaceous, i-asbestos, uboya be-slag, uboya beglasi, i-perlite, umhlaba we-diatomaceous, njl.

Taboo 24

Itrap yomphunga ayifakelwanga indlela yokudlula

Imilinganiselo: Ezinye iivalvu zinezixhobo kunye neendlela zokudlula ukongeza kwizinto ezisisiseko zokukhusela. Ukulungiswa komgibe okulula, i-bypass ifakiwe. Kukho iivalvu ezininzi ezibekwe nge-bypass. Ubume, ukubaluleka, kunye neemfuno zemveliso zevalvu zimisela ukuba i-bypass kufuneka ifakwe.

Taboo 25

Ukupakisha akutshintshwa rhoqo

Imilinganiselo: Ezinye iipakethe zeevalvu ezisesitokhweni kufuneka zitshintshwe njengoko zingasebenzi okanye azihambelani nesiphakathi esisetyenziswayo. Ibhokisi lokupakisha lihlala lizaliswe ngokupakisha rhoqo kwaye i-valve ibonakaliswe kumawaka eendaba ezahlukahlukeneyo, nangona kunjalo xa i-valve isebenza, ukupakishwa kufuneka kulungiselelwe imidiya. Cinezela ukupakishwa kwindawo ngokujikeleza kwizangqa. Umthungo ngamnye wesangqa kufuneka ube ngama-degrees angama-45, kwaye i-seams yezangqa kufuneka ibe ngama-180 degrees ngaphandle. Inxalenye esezantsi yedlala ngoku kufuneka icinezelwe ukuya kubunzulu obufanelekileyo begumbi lokupakisha, eliqhele ukuba yi-10-20% yobunzulu bubonke begumbi lokupakisha. Ukuphakama kokupakisha kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.I-angle ye-seam yeevalve ezinemilinganiselo engqongqo yi-30 degrees. I-Circle seams iyahluka ngee-120 degrees ukusuka kwenye. Amakhonkco amathathu erabha (irabha yendalo ekwaziyo ukumelana nealkali ebuthathaka engaphantsi kwama-60 degrees celcius, irabha ye-nitrile ekwaziyo ukumelana neemveliso ze-oyile ezingaphantsi kwama-80 ngokukaCelsius, kunye nerabha ene-fluorine ekwaziyo ukumelana neentlobo zemithombo yeendaba ezitshabalalisayo ezingaphantsi kwe-150 degrees celcius) nazo zingasetyenziswa, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko. , ukongeza kwiifayili ezikhankanywe ngasentla. Amakhonkco esitya senayiloni (amelana ne-ammonia kunye nealkali ngaphantsi kwe-120 degrees Celsius), amakhonkco e-polytetrafluoroethylene elaminethiweyo (amelana nemithombo yeendaba eyomeleleyo edlekayo engaphantsi kwama-200 degrees celcius), kunye nezinye izihluzi ezimile. Songa umaleko weteyiphu ekrwada yepolytetrafluoroethylene ngaphandle kwepakethe eqhelekileyo yeasbestos ukuze uphucule ukupakishwa kwe-asbestos rhoqo. kunye nokunciphisa ukuwohloka kwesiqu sevalvu ukusuka kwisenzo se-electrochemical. Ukugcina indawo ilungile kwaye uyigcine ingafi kakhulu, jikelezisa isiqu sevalve ngelixa ucinezela ukupakisha. Musa ukuthambeka ngelixa uqinisa idlala ngomzamo ongaguqukiyo.